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Region/Country: Region/Land: Iceland, Iceland
First settled in the 9th century by Vikings from Norway and Irish monks, Iceland was independent until 1262, when it became part of the kingdom of Norway. Iceland was a tributary land (skattland) of the Norwegian/Danish king in the 15th and 16th century. Officially trade with Iceland had to be conducted through Bergen in Norway, but in the 15th century English, and soon afterwards German, traders established direct trading links with the island. In the course of the 16th century the Danish king managed to gain ever more control over the island, until he finally instituted the Danish trading monopoly in 1601, effectively banning all foreign trade with Iceland.
Displaying records 281 tobis 290 ofvon 815 Einträgen gezeigt 
1563, April 16
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: to further their request for permission to sail to the North of Iceland to reclaim outstanding debts in sulfur, Herman Soltow is sent to the king with a list of the debts.
Transcript available
1563, April 24
Kolding
King Frederick II of Denmark to the Prince-Elector of Saxony: reports among others that he has forbidden merchants from Hamburg to use certain harbours in Iceland.
1563, May 13
Annaberg
Stefan Loitz to Hieronimus Tenner, German chancellor in Denmark: he will send his servant Marcus Heine to discuss the problems with Denmark, and in the meantime asks permission to let one ship sail to Iceland to collect the debts and unsold goods that were left on the island.
1563, May 22
Annaberg
Stefan Loitz to [Hieronimus Tenner, German chancellor in Denmark]: wanted to give the king 100.000 daler instead of 3000 guilders annually, but the offer was declined, and sent a small ship to Iceland to collect outstanding debts and return with sulfur to Copenhagen, which will stay in the king's possession until a solution is found, and asks to release the sulfur confiscated by the king in Hamburg, as he was planning to bring it to Copenhagen.
Transcript available
1563, June 20
Kolding
Hieronymus [Tenner] to Stefan Loitz: proposes to offer a loan of 500.000 thaler to the Danish king in order to keep the monopoly in the Icelandic sulfur trade.
1563, September 7
Stettin (Szczecin)
Stefan Loitz to king Frederick II of Denmark: regrets the loss of goodwill with the king because of the Icelandic sulfur trade, and sends his servant Marcus Heine to Copenhagen to discuss the matter.
Transcript available
1563, September 29
Copenhagen
King Frederick II of Denmark renews the sulfur monopoly on behalf of Stefan Loitz, which had led to problems before. The king will form a company for 7 years with the Loitz family, which will send two ships annually to Iceland for sulfur, for which Loitz will provide the merchandise. In return, they will give the king a loan of 60000 daler for 3 years, and the sulfur that was confiscated in Hamburg will be returned to them.
1563, October 31
Copenhagen
Chancellor Johan Friis, treasurer Joachim Beck, Hieronimus Tenner and Stefan Loitz declare that they have resolved the controversy surrounding the Icelandic sulfur monopoly, which involves the payment of 60.000 taler by Loitz to the Danish king, and that they have made two parchment charters of this deal.
1563, November
Hamburg
Hamburg merchants with Reff to Hamburg: request for continued permission to use the harbour Reff in Iceland, which they have used for a long time, but which the king had forbidden earlier that year.
1563, November
Hamburg
Hamburg merchants with Reff to Hamburg: request for mediation by queen dowager Dorothea of Denmark for continued permission to use the harbour Reff in Iceland, which they have used for a long time, but which the king had forbidden earlier that year.
Displaying records 281 tobis 290 ofvon 815 Einträgen gezeigt
© DSM B.Holterman J.Nicholls (2018)