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Iceland

(Is)landerschen; Eijslandt; Eijslannd; Eijsslandt; Eijsslandtzfahren; Eijsslendische; Eislandt; Eislanndt; Eislanndtt; Eißland; Eißlandische; Eißlandt; Eisslanndt; Eißlant; Eißländischen; Eslendischen; Eßlande; Esslandt; Eyslannt; Eyßlandt; Iceland; Icelander; Icelanders; Icelandic; Iisland; Iislandesschen; Iislandt; Iislannd; Iißlandt; ijsland; Ijslande; Iselant; Island; Islande; Islanden; Islander; Islanderfahrer; Islanderfharer; Islanderschen; Islandesche; Islandeschen; Islandescher; Islandescken; Islandesfahrer; Islandesfaren; Islandesfarers; Islandesfart; Islandeske; Islandesken; Islandessche; Islandesschen; Islandesvarer; Islandfarer; Islandh; islandi; Islandia; Islandiae; Islandiam; Islandica; islandici; islandicis; Islandicorum; Islandie; Islandienses; Islandiensi; Islandiensis; Islandipitarum; islandis; Islandische; Islandischen; Islandisches; Islandischfarer; Islandiæ; Islands; Islandsfahrer; Islandsken; Islandt; Islandth; Islandtsfahrer; Islandtt; Islandtzfahres; Islandz; Islannd; Islannde; Islanndt; Islanndtsfahres; Islanndtsfahrs; Islanndtz; Islanndtzfahres; Islanndz; Islannth; Islant; Islanth; Islantt; Islender; Islendische; Islendischen; Islendischenn; Islendisches; Islendiske; Islennder; islenskan; Isländische; Ißland; Ißlande; Ißlander; Ißlandere; Ißlanderen; Ißlanderenn; Ißlanderfahrer; Ißlanderfahreren; Ißlanderfahrern; Ißlanderfarer; Ißlanderfart; Ißlanderfarth; Ißlanderfhareren; Ißlandern; Ißlandernn; Ißlandervarer; Ißlandes; Ißlandesche; Ißlandeschen; Ißlandeschenn; Ißlandesfahrer; Ißlandesfarer; Ißlandesfarern; Ißlandeß; Ißlandeßfahrer; Ißlandeßfahrern; Ißlandeßfaren; Ißlandeßfarer; Ißlandfahrer; Ißlandisch; Ißlandische; Ißlandischem; Ißlandischen; Ißlandischenn; Ißlandischer; Ißlandren; Isslandrinorum; Ißlands; Ißlandsfahrer; Ißlandsfahrern; Ißlandt; Ißlandtfahrer; Isslandth; Ißlandts; Ißlandtt; Ißlannd; Ißlanndt; Ißlanndtt; Isslanndtz; Ißlant; Ißlanth; Ißlender; Ißlendere; Ißlenderen; Ißlenderfarer; Ißlendernn; Ißlenderschen; Ißlendische; Ißlendischem; Ißlendischen; Ißlendischenn; Ißlendischnn; Ißländer; Ißländische; Ißländischen; Iszland; Iszlande; Iszlandere; Iszlanderen; Iszlandesche; Iszlandeschen; Iszlandescke; Iszlandescken; Iszlandessche; Iszlandesschen; Iszlandia; Iszlandica; Iszlandicarum; Iszlandico; Iszlandie; iszlandischen; Iszlandt; Iszlant; Iszlendischen; Iyszlandesche; Izelandt; Jisland; Jislandiam; Jislandiæ; Jislant; Jsland; Jslande; Jslander; Jslandes; Jslandeschen; Jslandesschen; Jslandfare; jslandi; Jslandia; Jslandiam; jslandica; Jslandicj; Jslandie; Jslandiensem; Jslandische; Jslandischen; Jslands; Jslandsfar; Jslandsfare; Jslandsfarer; Jslandsfarers; Jslandsfares; Jslandt; Jslandts; Jslandtt; Jslandtz; Jslandz; Jslandzfare; Jslandzfarer; Jslandæ; Jslannder; Jslanndt; Jslannt; Jslendern; Jslenderne; Jslendinga; jslendskan; jslendskar; jslendsker; jslendskum; Jslendzka; jslendzka(n); jslendzkan; jslendzkar; jslendzker; jslendzkra; jslendzkvm; jslenskvm; Jsllandt; Jssland; jsslandia; jsslandische; Jsslandischenn; Jsslandt; Jsslandtsfahrer; Jsslandtt; Jsslanndt; Jsslender; Jsslendern; Jsslendischenn; Jszland; Jszlande; Jszlander; Jszlandere; Jszlanderen; Jszlandes; Jszlands; Jszlandt; Jszlanndt; Jszlannt; Jszlant; Jszlendischen; lislant; Ylendischenn; Ysland; Yslande; Yslander; Yslanderß; Yslandesche; Yslandh; Yslandia; Yslandt; Yslannt; Yslant; Yslendesschen; Yssland; Yßlandesfarer; Ysslandh; Yßlandischen; ysslandske; Yßlandt; Yßlantt; Yßlendischen; yszlande; Yszlandesche; Yszlandeschen; Yszlandt; Yszlant; Yszlendischen

Region/Country: Region/Land: Iceland, Iceland

First settled in the 9th century by Vikings from Norway and Irish monks, Iceland was independent until 1262, when it became part of the kingdom of Norway. Iceland was a tributary land (skattland) of the Norwegian/Danish king in the 15th and 16th century. Officially trade with Iceland had to be conducted through Bergen in Norway, but in the 15th century English, and soon afterwards German, traders established direct trading links with the island. In the course of the 16th century the Danish king managed to gain ever more control over the island, until he finally instituted the Danish trading monopoly in 1601, effectively banning all foreign trade with Iceland.

Displaying records 101 tobis 110 ofvon 815 Einträgen gezeigt

15320729LON00

Transcript available

1532, July 29

London

Eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in London to Hamburg: after the attacks of the English on Bremen and Hamburg merchants in Iceland, now merchants from Lynn have complained about how they were attacked by Lutke Schmidt's men in Iceland, who killed and wounded them and sank their ship. Therefore, eldermen of the Kontor and Hamburg merchants in England have to appear before the royal court, and it is asked to appropriate Lutke Schmidt's ship until the matter is settled.

15320823HAM00

Transcript available

[1532, after August 23]

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Henry VIII of England: reply to the complaint of English merchants from Lynn about Lutke Schmidt in Iceland, whom they have asked to send his version of the events, and hope that Germans and English can behave peacefully in Iceland.

15320823HAM01

Transcript available

1532, August 23

[Hamburg]

Lutke Schmidt to Hamburg: reply to the complaint of English merchants, in which he tells his version of the events in Iceland in 1532, when he arrived on March 30 with a ship in Botsand, and was visited by Thomas Hammon from Harwich, and the day after by Jon Willer from Lynn, who attacked him both.

15320901WIN00

Transcript available

1532, September 1

Windsor

King Henry VIII of England to Hamburg: complaint about how London merchant Nicolaus Gybson was attacked in Grindewick in Iceland in May by 280 men from Hamburg and Bremen, who killed 15 of his men on board of the ship, confiscated his ship and goods, worth 1500 pounds. Therefore, compensation and punishment of those involved is demanded.

15320907HAM00

Transcript available

1532, September 7

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Henry VIII of England: state that they have heard from the Hanseatic Kontor in London about the complaints of merchants from Lynn and Harwich about damage inflicted to them by Lutke Schmidt from Hamburg in Iceland, and state that the English merchants have caused the conflict themselves by their unruly behaviour. Moreover, Lutke Schmidt has declared to be prepared to let a law court decide upon this, which should happen at the court of the Danish king, since Iceland belongs to him.

15320909HAM01

1532, September 9

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Hanseatic Kontor in London: the Kontor's secretary Matthias van Emersen has come to them and brought the English complaints, whereupon they send a copy of Lutke Schmidt's version of the events that happened in Iceland.

15320910LON00

Transcript available

1532, September 10

London

Eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in London to Hamburg: Thomas Cromwell has complained about attacks of Hamburg and Bremen merchants on the ship of English merchant Nicolas Gybson in the harbour Grindewick, whereby they killed 15 men on board and confiscated the ship. It is demanded that Hamburg settles the matter with Cromwell, in order not to endanger the Kontor's position in England.

15320930HAM00

1532, September 30

Hamburg

Tonnies Pingsten, Hinrick Martins and Lutke Schmidt to bailiff Dirick tho Bramstede in Iceland: ask for his support in the conflict with the English about the violence in Iceland.

15321013GOT00

Transcript available

1532,October 13

Gottorf

King Frederick I of Denmark to king Henry VIII of England: in response to English complaints about violence of Hamburg and Bremen merchants against them in Iceland, it is stated that the English behaved unlawfully against the local population, and therefore the Germans were only helping the governour to punish the English. Therefore, it is asked to excuse them and to refrain from measures against German merchants in England.

15321021HAM00

Transcript available

1532, October 21

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Henry VIII of England: in response to complaints of Nicolaus Gybson, whose ship was attacked by Hamburg and Bremen merchants in Iceland last summer, it is stated that the English misbehaved and that the German merchants were only helping the Danish governour to punish them.

Displaying records 101 tobis 110 ofvon 815 Einträgen gezeigt