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Transcript available
1416, May 24 - August 3
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, in which the eldermen of the Bergen Kontor complain about German sailing to Orkney, Shetland, and the Faroes, after which the gathered envoys decide that this journey is forbidden.
Transcript available
[1416, July 10]
[Lübeck]
The envoys of the gathered hanseatic cities in Lübeck to the Bergen Kontor: announce the prohibition to sail to sail to and settle in Orkney, Shetland, and the Faroes, or other Norwegian lands other than Bergen, Oslo, or Tønsberg.
Transcript available
[1416, August 15]
[Lübeck]
The envoys of the gathered Hanseatic cities in Lübeck to Reval (Tallinn): report about the settlement of disputes in Lübeck and about the prohibition to sail to Orkney, Shetland, and the Faroes, or other Norwegian lands other than Bergen, Oslo, and Tønsberg.
Transcript available
1416, August 15
[Lübeck]
The representatives of the Hanseatic cities gathered in Lübeck declare that the Bergen Kontor has complained about merchants who trade with forbidden regions, and forbid Hanseatic merchants to visit Shetland, Orkney and the Faroes or elsewhere in Norway, with the exception of Bergen, Oslo and Tønsberg.
Transcript available
1442, March 4
Lübeck
Cordt Sten promises to pay 100 mark to Remmerde Vlenhot and Dyderyk Lampen to sail to Iceland to bring a letter to his brother Henninge Sten and to find out if he is still alive.
Transcript available
[1470-1486]
[Lübeck]
Chronicle of Christian van Gheren, secretary of the Bergen merchants in Lübeck, which mentions among others the royal permission to sail to Iceland in 1468, and riots in Hamburg because of the trade with Iceland in 1483.
Transcript available
1469, December 31
Braunschweig
Braunschweig to Lübeck: ask legal advice in a case where their citizen Frederik Leddinghusen has freighted the ship of Bremen skipper Marten Stene for Iceland, who shipwrecked on Shetland on the journey, but still wants to receive the full promised freighting money.
Transcript available
1476, June 10
Gislo Johannis, bishop of Skálholt, and other Icelanders proclaim that the ship that was robbed by Bristol merchants in Iceland belonged to Bergen merchants, that the Lübeck merchants in Iceland have supported the governor with weapons against the English, and that the ship was left by the crew after it stranded.
Transcript available
1476, June 15
Lübeck
Representatives of the Hanseatic cities gathered in Lübeck to King Edward IV of England: complain that merchants from Bristol stole a ship and fishes with a total worth of 2000 pound sterling from Lübeck merchants in Iceland in the previous year, and demand compensation.
Transcript available
[1477], February 14
Westminster
King Edward IV of England to Richard, Duke of Gloucester: states how merchants from Lübeck and Hamburg have complained that a Hamburg ship which was on its way from Iceland to London stranded near Hartlepool in Yorkshire, where it was robbed by English knights, and demands prosecution of the latter and compensation for the involved merchants.
Transcript available
1480, June 30
Lübeck
Lübeck to Rostock: answer to a letter about the request of Hamburg to receive Rostock barrels for brewing beer in the Kremper marsch for the export to Iceland, which was blocked by Lübeck coopers, as it is claimed that this beer would eventually be exported to Bergen, which would be unfair competition for Rostock, Wismar, Stralsund and Lübeck, and therefore the matter should be discussed at the next Diet.
Transcript available
1480, November 16
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of Wendish cities in Lübeck, where among others the use of Rostock barrels for the brewing of beer for the export to Iceland by Hamburg is discussed.
Transcript available
1481, September 10
Bergen
Eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen to Lübeck and the other Wendish cities: state that the king has given permission to sail to Iceland and Shetland, but did so without the support of the Norwegian Council of the Realm, and therefore asks to prohibit this trade, which damages the position of Bergen.
Transcript available
1481, September 12
Bergen
Norwegian Council of the Realm to Lübeck: cancels the permission that King Christian I of Norway gave to Hamburg merchants to visit Iceland, and demands that Icelandic commodities are traded via the Bergen staple again.
Transcript available
1482, April 21
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of the Wendish cities in Lübeck, in which the complaints of the Norwegian Council of the Realm and the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen about the Icelandic trade are discussed, and where it is decided that Hamburg shall not trade in Iceland anymore, with the exception of the ships that have already been prepared for the journey.
Transcript available
1484, March 11
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of the Wendish cities in Lübeck, in which the Bergen merchants complain about the Icelandic trade, whereby Hamburg merchants are sailing from other cities such as Wismar, upon which it is decided that this trade should end, and that letters should be sent to Bremen and Danzig to prevent ships from sailing to Iceland.
Transcript available
1484, March 16
Lübeck
The representatives of the Wendish cities gathered in Lübeck and the city council of Lübeck to Danzig: relate how the Norwegian Council of the Realm and the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen have complained bitterly about the Icelandic trade, and therefore it is decided to stop the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes, and it is requested to prevent the ships which are currently prepared to sail to Iceland from Danzig from leaving.
Transcript available
1486, April 28
Lübeck
The representatives of the Wendish cities gathered in Lübeck and the city council of Lübeck to Danzig: report that the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen has complained that once again merchants from Danzig and other cities have traded in Iceland and the Faroes, which is forbidden, and state that anyone who does so will lose the right of using the Bergen privileges and the protection of the Kontor.
Transcript available
[1486, May 24 - June 20]
[Lübeck]
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, in which among others the representatives of the Bergen Kontor complain about the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes, which damages their position, upon which the gathered representatives promise to refrain from this trade, except those from Danzig and Hamburg, who claim not to have permission to decide in this matter.
Transcript available
[1487, May 28 - June 15]
[Lübeck]
Report of Riga burgomaster Johann Schöning about the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, where among others the representatives of the Kontor in Bergen complained about direct trade in Iceland, which damages the Kontor.
Transcript available
1489, February 11
Lübeck
Lübeck to Wismar: answer to a request about a holk which is to be freighted to sail to Iceland, that the council has forbidden a ship to sail from Lübeck to Iceland, and that Hamburg will probably not stop such journeys, but advise to forbid this trade until the coming Diet of the Wendish cities.
Transcript available
1489, March 12
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of Wendish cities in Lübeck, in which among others the eldermen of the Bergen merchants complain about the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes, whereupon all gathered cities except Hamburg decide that they shall refrain from this trade if Hamburg does so as well.
Transcript available
1498, April 5
[Bergen]
Eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen to the representatives of the Hanseatic cities gathered in Lübeck: complaint about the commercial activity of two Bremen ships in Shetland in 1494, and how after the governor of Bergen had confiscated commodities of one of them, he had to release these after letters sent by the Duke of Holstein and the Count of Oldenburg.
Transcript available
1498, May 28
Bremen
Proceeding of the Hanseatic Diet in Bremen, in which among others the Kontor in Bergen complains about merchants sailing to Shetland and the Faroes and mixing fish from various origins, upon which the prohibition is repeated to sail to Shetland and other islands, except for Iceland, on the penalty of exclusion from the Hanse.
Transcript available
1502, [between February 6 and March 26]
[Lübeck?]
[Lübeck merchants with Bergen?] to the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen: report among others about the situation in various lands, complaints of Kampen, Deventer and Zwolle about the Kontor, and that they have not received news from Bremen, nor about the Iceland merchants Kinkel and Wilde.
Transcript available
[1506, May]
[Lübeck]
List of complaints of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen, among others that merchants from Hamburg are trading in Shetland, the Faroes and Orkney, to the damage of the Kontor.
Transcript available
1506, May 21
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, where among others the Bergen merchants complain that Hamburg and Bremen violate the prohibition of the trade with Orkney, the Faroes and Shetland, whereupon it is decided that the matter will be postponed until the next Diet.
Transcript available
[1511, June 16 - July 5]
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, in which among others the German attacks on the English in Iceland are discussed, whereupon it is decided that the merchants should be admonished to refrain from such behaviour.
Transcript available
1514, July 30
[Lübeck]
List of Johann Rode, secretary of Lübeck, with issues to be discussed during negotiations with King Christian II of Denmark in Oslo, among others that the Icelandic trade will remain as agreed upon the year before.
Transcript available
1516, October 8
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of Wendish cities in Lübeck, in which a letter of complaints from the eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen about the Icelandic trade is read, whereupon it is decided that the Hanseatic cities should respect the rules set out in 1515.
Transcript available
[1517, June 12 - July 13]
[Lübeck]
Report of the Kampen representatives about the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, among others that Bremen has promised to see that Shetlandic and Icelandic fish shall not be mixed.
Transcript available
1517, July 20
Bergen
The Hanseatic Kontor to Klaus Repenhagen, Gerd Krudup and Hans Cordes, eldermen of the Bergen merchants in Lübeck: request to present the Kontor's complaints at the Wendish Diet in Lübeck, among others about the direct trade with Iceland.
Transcript available
1518, June 19 - July 14
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, in which among others it is decided that Hanseatic merchants are only allowed to trade in Iceland when they bring the fish to England, and that the merchants should behave peacefully towards the English.
Transcript available
1519, January [13]
[Lübeck]
Fragment of the proceedings of the Diet of the Wendish cities in Lübeck, where the Bergen merchants from Lübeck complain about the North Atlantic trade by Bremen and Hamburg, and claim that they should only bring the Icelandic commodities to England.
Transcript available
1519, April 7
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of the Wendish cities in Lübeck, where among others the Bergen merchants complain about the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes by Bremen and Hamburg, which damages the Kontor in Bergen, whereupon the Hamburg representatives claim that the Icelandic fish is usually brought to England.
Transcript available
[1519, before April 26]
[Lübeck]
Representatives of the cities Deventer, Kampen and Zwolle answer to complaints of the Bergen Kontor, among others that merchants from Bremen and Hamburg are visiting the Faroes and other islands, damaging the Hanse.
Transcript available
1519, June 17
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of Wendish cities in Lübeck, which contains among others a remark about the negligence of the regulations about the Icelandic trade by Hamburg.
Transcript available
1519, October 24
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of the Wendish cities in Lübeck, in which it is among others proposed to appoint an independent mediator to solve the controversy surrounding the trade with Iceland between the Bergen merchants and the city of Hamburg, whereupon the Hamburg representatives claim to have no mandate of the city council to discuss this topic.
Transcript available
1521, May 29 - June 11
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck from May 29 to June 11, 1521, in which eldermen of the Bergen Kontor complain about illicit trade of Bremen and Hamburg in Iceland, among others.
Transcript available
1524, June 23 - August 23
[Lübeck, Copenhagen]
Diary of Gert Krudup and Hans Ebbrecht, eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen, as well as their secretary Erasmus Boddecker, of their journey from Lübeck to Copenhagen, where they visited the Diet during which King Frederick I was crowned, and where the privileges in Bergen were negotiated.
Transcript available
[1525, July 7 - 29]
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, in which among others the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes is discussed, during which Bremen claims that the fish from these lands does not push the fish from Bergen from the market, and Hamburg claims that merchants from other nations are sailing there anyway, whereupon it is decided that the Bergen merchants should accept this trade.
Transcript available
[1526, middle of May]
Instruction of King Frederick I of Denmark to governor Hinrich Rantzow in Rendsburg, who is sent to the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, among others to discuss ships which are ready to sail from Hamburg to Iceland.
Transcript available
1532, December 22
London
Hanseatic Kontor in London to Lübeck: repeated complaint about violence of Hamburg and Bremen merchants against the English in Iceland, which damages the privileges of the Kontor. Therefore, it is demanded again to press Hamburg and Bremen to settle the matter.
1533-1628
[Hamburg]
First donation register of the confraternity of St Anne of the Hamburg merchants with Iceland, which contains donations, mostly in fish or money, from the people on board of ships returning each year from Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes to Hamburg from 1533-1628. Also contains notes about the annual accounting of the eldermen of the confraternity.
Transcript available
[1533]
[Lübeck]
Eldermen of the Bergen merchants in Lübeck to Lübeck: state that the trade with Orkney, Shetland and the Faroes has been forbidden on the Hanseatic Diets in 1494 and 1498, but that some merchants are trading there anyway, and that merchants from Bremen, Hamburg and Holland have started to trade north of Bergen in Trondheim, damaging the Kontor, and ask for repercussions.
1533, January 16
Hamburg
Hamburg to Herman Bonn, professor in theology in Lübeck: ask for his cooperation in making known the demands of the Hamburg merchants with Iceland to the English legate, who does not know German.
1533, January 30
Hamburg
Hamburg to Lübeck: in answer to the complaints of the Kontor in London about the violence against the English in Iceland, which is damaging their privileges, they are doing their utmost best to settle the matter as soon as possible.
Transcript available
1533, January 30
Lübeck
Lübeck to Hamburg: in response to a complaint of the Kontor in London about the violent behaviour of Hamburg and Bremen merchants against the English in Iceland, which damages the Hanseatic privileges in England, the council is once again asked to settle the matter as soon as possible.
Transcript available
1533, May 14-17
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Diet of the Wendish cities in Lübeck, where among others a letter is read with complaints about the trade from Bremen and Hamburg with northern Norway and the Faroes, whereupon the burgomaster of Hamburg replied that Tomas Koppen has been enfeoffed with the Faroes.
Transcript available
[1534, July 3?]
[Hamburg]
Instruction for the Hamburg representatives who are sent to England to discuss the Hanseatic privileges there, and will hand over a document with suggestions for a better relation between the English and German merchants in Iceland.
Transcript available
1535, March 13
Lübeck
Eske Bilde, commander of Bergenhus, to the Faroes: on behalf of Count Christopher of Oldenburg, it is asked to let councillor Joachim Wullenwever of Hamburg keep the Faroese tribute, which was confiscated from him in 1533.
1535, April 10
Haderslev
King Christian III of Denmark to the Faroese: has given the Faroes to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg, who will send one ship annually from Hamburg to buy and sell commodities, and if someone else will come in that position with support of Count Christopher [of Oldenburg] or of Lübeck, this will have to be resisted.
Transcript available
[1535, before May 24]
[Bergen]
Complaints of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen, presented at the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, among others about trade in Iceland, northern Norway, Orkney, Shetland and the Faroes, which was prohibited by the royal privileges and at the Hanseatic Diet of 1494.
Transcript available
[1535, July 10 - August 29]
[Lübeck]
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, where among others the Hanseatic Kontor in London complains about the violent attacks from Bremen and Hamburg merchants against the English in Iceland in 1532, to which the burgomaster of Hamburg replies that the Danish king bore responsibility for it, and Bremen and Hamburg complain about hindrance of their trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes.
Transcript available
1535, August 30
Lübeck
Lübeck and the gathered representatives of the Hanseatic cities to the eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen: a decision about their complaints has been postponed to the next Diet, but until then the old regulations remain in place, except for the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes, which shall be allowed as has been the case for the last ten or twelve years.
1535, November 6
Lübeck
Lübeck to Archbishop Olaf of Trondheim and the Norwegian Council of the Realm: the Hanseatic merchants in Bergen have complained that the Norwegians are not properly curing and drying their fish, and that rotscher is dried on the cliffs, which impairs the quality and increases the demand for Icelandic fish, which is to the dismay of the Bergen merchants.
1536, February 17
Hamburg
King Christian III of Denmark to the lawman, governor and inhabitants of the Faroes: has heard from Thomas Koppen that skipper Herman Renicken, Hans Loes and Hans Siiderborg have traded on the islands, although only Koppen is allowed to trade there, and that they have claimed that Christian III was not the rightful king. Therefore it is asked to safeguard Koppen's privileges on the islands.
Transcript available
1538, March 10
King Christian III of Denmark permits merchants Helmich Schmid and Thonges Mutter and skipper Herman Vurborn from Lübeck to trade in Iceland, and writes this in a letter to governor Clawes von der Marwitz.
[early 1539]
[Lübeck]
Skipper Herman Vurborn to Lübeck: relates how Hamburg merchants do not allow anyone else to trade in Iceland, although they are free to do so, and that he has sailed to Iceland himself last year, with a license of the Danish king, and as he sent a messenger to the governour to show him the license, the Hamburg merchants tried to kill him. Therefore, it is requested from Hamburg to let other merchants trade in peace.
Transcript available
1539, February 5
[Lübeck]
Lübeck to Hamburg: in response to a complaint of the Lübeck Iceland merchant Hermen Vurborn and his shipowners about Hamburg merchants, it is requested that the Hamburg merchants in Iceland will respect the free trade there by merchants from other cities.
Transcript available
1547, January 4
Kolding
King Christian III of Denmark leases Iceland to Copenhagen for ten years for an annual payment of 1000 Lübische mark, on the condition that they appoint their own governour and supply the island with commodities.
1547, April 8
Lübeck
Lübeck to Hamburg: as some citizens have asked permission to let a ship sail to Iceland with a crew consisting of men from Hamburg, and have not received an answer yet, it is asked to allow this.
Transcript available
1548, December 9
[Bremen]
Johan Knippe, Cordt Hegewisch, Gerdt Westerwold, Franz Steffens, Johan Lantrede and Lambert tor Widen to Bremen: complaint against Harmen Oldensche and 8 other persons, who are accused of having sailed to the harbour Holm in Iceland with the complaining party for a number of years, but have sailed there last summer with a man from Lübeck, and refused to let their former colleagues to use the harbour as well, using violence to drive them out. Therefore, a compensation of the damage estimated at 800 gulden is demanded.
[1549]
[Hamburg]
Hamburg merchants in Iceland complain about governor Lorentz Mule in Haneforde, who confiscated goods from them and did not appear at Althing to settle the matter.
Transcript available
1549, December 20
Nyborg
Governour Lorentz Müle of Iceland to king Christian III of Denmark: reports how he has captured five merchant servants from Hamburg and Lübeck, who have stayed in winter in Iceland, and brought them to Amsterdam.
Transcript available
1550, June 30
Þingvellir
The Althing decides, concerning the complaints of merchants from Hamburg and Lübeck about governor Lorentz Mule, that Mule shall return the fish that he has confiscated, and forbids the foreign merchants in Iceland to stay in winter.
1551, October 21
Copenhagen
King Christian III of Denmark to Johan Strubbe, doctor of law in Lübeck: inquires about the conditions under which the compensation to Hamburg has to be payed for damage inflicted upon them in Iceland, as agreed upon during negotiations in Flensburg earlier that year.
Transcript available
1555, March 7
Nyborg
King Christian III of Denmark to governor Knud Stensen of Iceland: some years ago Jacob van Salten from Lübeck has taken fish from Icelanders without paying, and therefore just as much fish has to be confiscated from the Lübeck merchants in Iceland.
Transcript available
1556, February 10
Copenhagen
King Christian III to Lübeck: Complains that their merchants sell commodities of bad quality in Iceland, and use bad measures and weights, and asks them to stop doing this, on the penalty that their goods will be confiscated.
Transcript available
1557, March 20
Lübeck
Lübeck to Hamburg: accompanying letter to the complaint of Lübeck merchants that they were not allowed to hire a crew from Hamburg to sail to Iceland for them.
Transcript available
[1557, March]
[Lübeck]
Lübeck merchants in northern Iceland to Lübeck: complain about how they wanted to sail a ship to Iceland to fetch sulfur and hired a Hamburg crew to sail it, which was forbidden by the city of Hamburg.
1561
Lübeck
Lübeck merchants with Iceland to Lübeck: complain about the prohibition to trade sulfur from the North of Iceland, which is damaging them and the locals, and was not foreseen, as the Diet in Odense had just confirmed the Hanseatic privileges. Moreover, they could not reach the harbours the year before due to drift ice, so they still have outstanding debts.
Transcript available
1561, January 19
Emborg
King Frederick II of Denmark to Magnus Gyldenstiernn: relates that he has written to Hamburg, Bremen and Lübeck that they shall not export sulfur from Iceland anymore, and to governor Poul Stigsen to prevent this from happening, and asks to deliver the letter to him.
Transcript available
1561, January 19
Emborg
King Frederick II of Denmark to governour Poul Stigsen in Iceland: relates how he has written to Bremen, Lübeck and Hamburg that they shall not trade Icelandic sulfur anymore, and asks him to see to it that this does not happen.
1561, February 28
Lübeck
Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint against the prohibition to trade sulfur from the North of Iceland, which damages the Hanseatic merchants and cities.
Transcript available
1561, November 22
Nyborg
Skipper Clawes Rode from Lübeck confesses that he has seen that Hamburg skipper Hans Rolfs and merchant Henning Struckman have bought and loaded sulfur in Iceland, and that governour Pal Stigson has ordered the sysselman in Ugforde to forbid this.
Transcript available
1565, March 4
Börringe
King Frederick II of Denmark to Magnus Guldenstiern: asks among others to conceal the royal sulfur reserves from Stefan Loitz, to grant the royal sulfur refinerer a license for a harbour in Iceland, and informs that he has ordered the royal merchant Hans Nielsen to acquire a ship in Rostock, Lübeck or Hamburg.
Transcript available
1565, August 14
Copenhagen
King Frederick II of Denmark permits Bartholomeus Tinappel, burgomaster of Lübeck, to trade with the harbour Dyreforde in Iseforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade with sulfur, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.
Transcript available
1566, February 28
Copenhagen
Herman von Oldenseel (Lübeck) license for Vopnafjörður, which was formerly used by a Bremen man. King Frederick II of Denmark permits Herman von Oldenseel from Lübeck to trade with the harbour Wopnefiorde in Iceland, which was used by a man from Bremen before, until further notice.
Transcript available
1567, [ca. January 29]
[Hamburg]
Jurgen Wegener, Hans Elers and Hieronimus Voegler to Hamburg: Christoffer Voegler from Segeberg has received a license for the harbours Dureforde and Iseforde in Iceland, for which Lübeck merchants are fitting out a ship in Hamburg to sail there. Therefore, it is requested to write a letter to Lübeck to forbid this.
Transcript available
1567, March 3
Lübeck
Friderich Knefell, Herman Oldenspell and Wilhelm Medinck to Lübeck: state that they have been forbidden by Hamburg to sail to Iceland, but that they have no right to do this, as they act on behalf of late burgomaster Bartholomeus Tinappel, who had a rightful license for Iceland.
Transcript available
1567, March 4
Lübeck
Lübeck to Hamburg: there is no reason for the prohibition for Friderich Knevel to sail to Iceland, and therefore it is asked to not hinder him in sailing to Iceland.
Transcript available
1567, March 14
Lübeck
Lübeck to Hamburg: repeated request to grant free passage to their citizens who had been forbidden by the Hamburg council to sail to Iceland.
1567, April 4
Lübeck
Margaretha, widow of Bartholomeus Tinappel to Lübeck: request for continued use of a harbour in Iceland for which her deceased husband had a license, and who has served the city of Lubeck and the king of Denmark greatly.
1567, April 6
Lübeck
Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for continued use of a harbour in Iceland on behalf of the widow of burgomaster and admiral Barthomoleus Tinappel.
Transcript available
1567, September 2
Edinburgh
Verdict of assize of the justiciary court in trial of James Edmistoun and John Blacader, who are accused of piracy of three ships from Bremen in Shetland, a ship from Lübeck coming from Norway, and other crimes, and convicted to execution by hanging from the market cross in Edinburgh.
1568, February 21
Lübeck
Widow and heirs of Bartholomeus Tinappel to Lübeck: explain how the ship of Tinappel's widow had been in Iceland very late in autumn, and could therefore not sell all commodities on board, which were left on the island. Therefore, she sent a ship to Dureforde last sommer to get these commodities and reclaim outstanding debts, and thus Christof Vögler, the Danish merchant who has the harbour now, has no right to complain as it did not harm him.
1568, March 6
Lübeck
Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: declare that Bartholomeus Tinappel's widow had only sailed a ship to Iceland to reclaim her outstanding debts.
Transcript available
1583, March 23
Bremen
Bremen to governour Johan Bockholt of Iceland: explain that Joachim Kolling has borrowed money from Luder Ottersen from Lübeck, and appointed Kolling's brother in law Roleff Gerdes as warrantor in 1579. Now Kolling has not paid, Gerdes claims that he is not liable because two new warrantors from Hamburg were appointed in 1581. Bockholt is asked to confirm this story.
Transcript available
1585, November 24
Copenhagen
King Frederick II of Denmark confirms the rights of the Hamburg merchants in Iceland according to the resolutions of Copenhagen in 1562, and Flensburg in 1579, in which they are forbidden to trade with sulfur, are obliged to acquire a written license from the king, and have to allow others to trade there as well.
1586, January 21
Kronborg
King Frederick II of Denmark permits Hans van Delmenhorst from Lübeck to trade with the harbour Holm in Iceland for ten more years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.
Transcript available
1586, February 13
Hamburg
List of harbours in Iceland, for which Hamburg merchants have applied for a license.
1589, October 28
Lübeck
Anna, widow of Hans von Delmenhorst to Lübeck: request for continued use of the harbour Holm in Iceland, for which her husband had a license for ten years, of which only three years have been used, and where he sailed for about 35 years, but which is now claimed by someone else.
1589, October 30
Lübeck
Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for continued use of the harbour Holm in Iceland on behalf of Anna, the widow of Hans van Delmenhorst.
1590, November 4
Kolding
King Christian IV of Denmark permits Luder Otersen from Lübeck to trade with the harbours Orbackhaffe and Torlakshaffe in Iceland for three years, which were used before by Herman Wegener from Hamburg for Ottersen.
Transcript available
1592, October 1
Visborg
Former governour Laurens Kruse of Iceland declares that Carsten Bake from Bremen has left the harbour Holm in Iceland to Luder Ottersen from Lübeck.
Transcript available
1593
Johan Vogt to the Danish council of the Realm: request for a license for the harbour Holm in Iceland on behalf of his master Luder Ottersen. The license was since 1590 held by Carsten Bake from Bremen, who cooperated with Ottersen, and now a new license is requested for Ottersen himself.
1598, January 7
Haderslev
King Christian IV of Denmark permits Luder Ottersen from Lübeck to trade with the harbour Orbackhaffe in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.
Transcript available
1604, March 13
[Hamburg]
Alberdt Sivers to Hamburg: writes that he has received a letter from Helsingør merchants, asking him to sail for them to Ohrbach in Iceland, and asks the city council to permit him to leave from Lübeck to Iceland and to return to Hamburg.
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