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Transcript available
[1514]
Complaints of the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen, collected for the negotiations with the Danish king in Oslo, in which the direct trade of Hamburg, Bremen and Holland with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes is presented as the main reason for the Kontor's demise.
Transcript available
1521, March 27
Flensburg
Tyle Persson to King Christian II of Denmark: sends him part of the English cloth that was still in Hamburg, and regrets that he cannot come to see him, but has heard that lawmen Vigfús Erlendsson has been made governor of Iceland with the support of men from Hamburg, and requests to write to Hamburg that they should not mingle in Icelandic politics and not hinder him in his own office as governor of Iceland and the Faroes.
Transcript available
[1525, July 7 - 29]
Lübeck
Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, in which among others the trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes is discussed, during which Bremen claims that the fish from these lands does not push the fish from Bergen from the market, and Hamburg claims that merchants from other nations are sailing there anyway, whereupon it is decided that the Bergen merchants should accept this trade.
Transcript available
[1526, middle of May]
Instruction of King Frederick I of Denmark to governor Hinrich Rantzow in Rendsburg, who is sent to the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, among others to discuss ships which are ready to sail from Hamburg to Iceland.
Transcript available
1532, November 14
Hamburg
Hamburg to the Hanseatic Kontor in London: in reaction to the Icelandic fish that was confiscated from Hamburg merchants because the English claimed it was theirs, the council cannot help as the matter is dealt with at the Danish court.
Transcript available
[1535, August 15]
[London]
Eldermen of the Hanseatic Kontor in London to the Hanseatic representatives gathered in Lüneburg: various complaints of the Kontor, among others about the violence of Bremen and Hamburg merchants against the English in Iceland in 1532, which caused many expenses for which the Kontor requests compensation.
Transcript available
1537, December 27
Haderslev
King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: announces that he has appointed Claus von der Marwitz as governor of Iceland, and asks the Hamburg merchants to support him when needed, to transport his goods and behave cooperatively towards him.
Transcript available
1540, January 16
Hamburg
Hamburg merchants with Iceland to Hamburg: take position with regard to the plundering of the monastery Viðey in 1539, condemn the governor's actions, and point to the court of law at Althing, where conflicts can be settled, and only then will be ready to support the authorities.
Transcript available
1545, ca. March 20
Kolding
Adam Schneydewint and Lutke Schmidt, representatives of Hamburg, answer to the complaints of governour Otto Stigsson of Iceland, that they have helped the Icelanders with fishing boats and commodities, and that merchants have power over debtors in the trading stations.
1551, [March]
[Hamburg]
"Relation" of the negotiations in March in Flensburg, about the hindrance of Copenhagen merchants by those from Hamburg, the captivity of the governor of Iceland and the illegal winter stay of foreign merchants on the island. Hamburg states that its old rights in Iceland have been unfairly violated by the Danish newcomers.
Transcript available
1556, February 10
Copenhagen
King Christian III to Lübeck: Complains that their merchants sell commodities of bad quality in Iceland, and use bad measures and weights, and asks them to stop doing this, on the penalty that their goods will be confiscated.
Transcript available
1561, March 6
Hamburg
Instruction for Hamburg burgomasters and councillors Albert Hackeman, Laurentz Niebuer, Wilhelm Moller and Nicolaus Vogler, who are sent to Denmark to prevent the prohibition of the sulfur trade from northern Iceland for Hamburg merchants, in which the services of Hamburg for the Icelanders and the Danish crown are emphasized.
1564, December 4
Stettin (Szczecin)
Stefan Loitz to Johan Rantzau, governour of Holstein: complains that he has trouble paying the 60.000 daler for the Icelandic sulfur trade, because he cannot sell a barrel of sulfur for 30 daler, as was promised, but only 22 or 24.
Transcript available
1564, December 21
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to a complaint about Hamburg merchants having sailed to the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland, the merchants answer that in none of the king's letters the harbour was explicitly forbidden.
Transcript available
1565
List of harbours in Iceland to be used by Hamburg merchants for a loan of 100.000 daler, and on the condition that they will not trade with forbidden goods such as train oil and sulfur.
1565, January 25
Copenhagen
Summary of Hamburg arguments during the negotiations between the representative of Hamburg and the Danish council of the Realm and governour, concerning the Icelandic trade of Hamburg after the Danish king had forbidden it, as well as two ships that ran aground in Borsfleth.
1566, February 9
Hamburg
Hamburg merchants with Iceland to Hamburg: request to keep sailing to Iceland, or at least one time more to reclaim their still outstanding debts, which they could not collect last year as they were not allowed to bring any other goods, so the Icelanders sold their fish to others.
Transcript available
1566, March 29
Bremen
Herman Schomaker and Herman Krechting to Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: request for mediation with the king for a license to use the harbours Kibbelwick and Grindewick in Iceland.
Transcript available
1566, March 31
Bremen
Bremen to governour Magnus Guldenstern of Iceland: in response to his letter, the merchants trading with the harbour Kummerwage and Bodenstede have complained, and they have sent a letter to the Danish king to ask for protection against Hamburg merchants.
Transcript available
1566, April 18
Copenhagen
King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: reply to the request for licenses for the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede in Iceland, that they have been given to Danish citizens. Furthermore about Peter Bolck and Swedish privateers on the North Sea.
Transcript available
1566, May 24
Bremen
Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to accusations of hosting Swedish privateers in Bremen waters, they answer they have not heard of such thing, and remind the king that they have been driven from most of their harbours in Iceland by Hamburg merchants during the last years, and therefore need protection in the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede.
Transcript available
1567, January 29
Frederiksborg
King Frederick II of Denmark permits Christoffer Vogler, scribe of Segeberg castle, to trade with the harbour Dyreforde in Iseforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade sulfur and fish oil, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.
Transcript available
1567, [ca. January 29]
[Hamburg]
Jurgen Wegener, Hans Elers and Hieronimus Voegler to Hamburg: Christoffer Voegler from Segeberg has received a license for the harbours Dureforde and Iseforde in Iceland, for which Lübeck merchants are fitting out a ship in Hamburg to sail there. Therefore, it is requested to write a letter to Lübeck to forbid this.
Transcript available
1567, March 10
Copenhagen
King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: writes that Herman von Oldensehe has complained about interference of Bernd Losekanne, Christoffer Meyer and Johan Vasmer in the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, for which Oldensehe has been licensed, and forbids them using the said harbour.
1567, April 4
Lübeck
Margaretha, widow of Bartholomeus Tinappel to Lübeck: request for continued use of a harbour in Iceland for which her deceased husband had a license, and who has served the city of Lubeck and the king of Denmark greatly.
Transcript available
1568, March 3
[Bremen]
Gerd Hemeling to Bremen: request for mediation with the Danish king about compensation of his ship and goods, which were taken from him in Shetland previous year by a Scottish man, who is now held captive in Bergen in Norway.
1568, February 21
Lübeck
Widow and heirs of Bartholomeus Tinappel to Lübeck: explain how the ship of Tinappel's widow had been in Iceland very late in autumn, and could therefore not sell all commodities on board, which were left on the island. Therefore, she sent a ship to Dureforde last sommer to get these commodities and reclaim outstanding debts, and thus Christof Vögler, the Danish merchant who has the harbour now, has no right to complain as it did not harm him.
Transcript available
1568, April 10
Frederiksborg
King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: in reply to Gerd Hemeling's request for compensation of his ship and goods that were taken by count Bothwell in Shetland, Frederick answers that he is welcome to start a lawsuit against him.
Transcript available
1571, January 23
Bremen
Christoffer Bornhorst, Vasmer Bake, Johan Hudeman, Johan Lubbe and Christoffer Meier (merchants with Bodenstede in Iceland) to Bremen: complaint about interference of Hamburg merchant Hans Gronewoldt, who is licensed with the harbour Reff, in the harbour Stappe, which belongs to Bodenstede, for the last three years.
Transcript available
1573, April 20
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint of the merchants with Iceland, that they have been forbidden to use three harbours in the North of Iceland, Oyefordt, Husewick and Schagefordt, which are now used by Copenhagen burgomaster Marcus Hess, and that now count Adolf of Schleswig-Holstein is preparing a ship to sail there, under command of Hamburg skipper Herman von Horsten.
1575, February 23
Gottorp
Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp to king Frederick II of Denmark: has prepared a ship to sail to Iceland to collect fish and sulfur, and requests passes for free passage in the North and South of Iceland, and in the Øresund.
Transcript available
[1576, ca. October 28]
[Bremen]
Christoffer Meyer to Bremen: request for mediation with the Danish king to transfer and extend the license to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, which was previously given to Bernd Losekanne, to Christoffer Meyer.
1576, December 23
Stade
Stade merchants with Iceland to Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: ask for his help in acquiring licenses to use the harbours Patersforde, Tolkesforde, Bidalsforde, Durforde, and Iseforde in Iceland, and other harbours except for Haneforde, Wapenforde, Stappe and Reff, which are already licensed to others.
Transcript available
1577, June 3
[Hamburg]
Merchants sailing to Iceland to Hamburg: complain about the quarrel between the Danish king and Hamburg, which has led to a prohibition to sail to Iceland, where they still have many outstanding debts, and now their fellow merchants are moving to other cities and sailing from there, much to their own and the city's damage. Therefore, it is asked that the council will do its best to restore the former situation.
1577, December 31
Gottorp
Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for licenses for two ships for harbours in Southern Iceland, where they have already sailed the summer before.
Transcript available
1578, January 20
Stade
Stade merchants with Iceland to Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: relate how they requested a license for the harbours Iseforde and Patersforde in Iceland, but the latter was confused with Alteforde. When they arrived in Iceland with two ships, they were not allowed in the Patersforde. Therefore, intercession with the king is asked to correct this.
Transcript available
1580, January 25
[Hamburg]
Matthias Eggers to Hamburg: states that he and his predecessors have rightfully used the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for more than forty years, and that the Bremen merchants Bernd Losekanne and Christoffer Meyer therefore have no right to claim the use of the harbour for themselves.
Transcript available
1580, January 30
Hamburg
Hamburg to Bremen: states that the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, the use of which is claimed by the Bremen merchants Bernd Losekanne and Christoffer Meyer, has been rightfully used by the Hamburg merchants Simon Schmidt and Matthias Eggers.
Transcript available
1580, February 15
[Bremen]
Bernd Losekanne and Christoffer Meyer to Bremen: in answer to the statement of Matthias Eggers from Hamburg that he and his predecessors have used the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for many years, they claim that he is lying, and that they have the full right to use the harbour, as they have done for about eighty years before.
Transcript available
1580, February 27
[Hamburg]
Matthias Eggers to Hamburg: in answer to the complaint from Bremen that Matthias Eggers has no right to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, Eggers states that he does have permission to sail to Iceland, and is therefore also free to use this specific harbour. As the authority over Iceland belongs to the Danish king and not to Bremen, they should go to the governour in Iceland if they don't agree with this.
Transcript available
1580, February 29
Hamburg
Hamburg to Bremen: in reaction to the complaints of Bernd Losekanne and his companions, Matthias Eggers and his companions does have the official permission of the Danish king to sail to Iceland, and that the merchants from Bremen should go to the royal authorities in Iceland if they don't agree with that.
Transcript available
1580, March 8
Bremen
Berndt Losekanne and Christoffer Meyer to Bremen: answer to the letter from Matthias Eggers, who claimed that the Hamburg merchants held a license to trade in Iceland. The Bremen merchants claim that it is unnecessary to plea this case at the royal Danish governour in Iceland, and that the Hamburg merchants did not get their license from the king, but from an Icelander named Erikur Arnason.
Transcript available
1580, March 10
Bremen
Bremen to Hamburg: reaction to the statement of Matthias Eggers, who claimed to have a special license for Iceland, and therefore his presence in the harbour Ostforde, to the detriment of Bremen merchants there, who have a license for the harbour, in which the long tradition of Bremen merchants in Ostforde is emphasised, and it is requested to respect their exclusive use of the mentioned harbour.
Transcript available
1580, August 13
[Bremen]
Bremen to prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen: request for mediation with the Danish king to acquire licenses for Reff and Neswage in Iceland, on behalf of Johan Werenberg and Evert Hoveman, as the Bremen merchants have lost almost all their harbours to Hamburg, and have suffered greatly from wars in the last years.
Transcript available
1580, December 1
Bremen
Johan Munsterman's widow and companions to Bremen: complain about how after the death of Johan Munsterman, Joachim Kolling from Jever has taken over the trade with the harbour Kummerwage, and asks that the king will forbid him this.
Transcript available
1580, December 3
Bremen
Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: the widow and companions of the deceased Johan Munsterman have complained about Joachim Kolling from Jever, who has acquired a license for the harbour Kummerwage under false pretenses, because Munsterman, who had used the harbour before, had shipwrecked. Therefore, it is requested to return the license to Munsterman's heirs.
Transcript available
1581, October 14
Clawes Stein to archbishop Henry III of Bremen: request for intercession with the Danish king in acquiring a license for thirty years for the harbour Schagevorde in the North, or Bereforde in the East of Iceland, which are currently not in use.
Transcript available
1582, April 6
Klingstrup
Governour Johan Bockholt of Iceland to Bremen: requests to provide the names of the Hamburg merchants who have been hindering Bremen merchants in the Ost- and Horneforde before the ships to Iceland leave, otherwise he cannot help them to prevent this illegal behaviour.
Transcript available
1583, January 31
Bremen
Bremen to governour Johan Bockholt of Iceland: after the king had asked Bockholt last year to prevent Hamburg merchants from hindering Bremen merchants Christoffer Meyer and Bernd Losekanne in the harbours Ost- and Horneforde, they have done so nevertheless and even increased their activities there. Therefore, it is asked again to prevent this.
Transcript available
1583, March 23
Bremen
Bremen to governour Johan Bockholt of Iceland: explain that Joachim Kolling has borrowed money from Luder Ottersen from Lübeck, and appointed Kolling's brother in law Roleff Gerdes as warrantor in 1579. Now Kolling has not paid, Gerdes claims that he is not liable because two new warrantors from Hamburg were appointed in 1581. Bockholt is asked to confirm this story.
Transcript available
1583, June 21
Haderslev
King Frederick II of Denmark to Prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen: in answer to Henry's request for a license for a harbour on Iceland, the king reports that all harbours in Iceland have already been given to others. Should a harbour become available, however, the archbishop is welcome to use it.
Transcript available
1583, September 27
Bremen
Johan Koster and Evert Hoveman to prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen: complain that merchants from Bremen were driven from Kummerwage by Oldenburg merchants after the shipwreck of Johan Munsterman and by Hamburg merchants from other harbours. Last year the Bremen skipper Dirick Vasmer, who was on his way to Neswage, suffered damage to his ship and had to return to Bremen, and therefore it is feared that other merchants will use this opportunity to take over this harbour as well. Therefore, the bishop is asked to mediate at the Danish court to secure Neswage for Bremen.
Transcript available
1584, January 11
Havreballegård?
King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: has decided to give Paul Lindeman, who has traded illegally in Iceland, half of the confiscated property back on his request, and warns other Hamburg merchants that it is illegal to trade in harbours without having a license.
Transcript available
1584, February 13
Skanderborg
King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: has received the request of the Hamburg merchants with Iceland, and has sent it on to royal councillor Christoff Walckendorff.
Transcript available
1584, April 22
Bremervörde
Prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: after the previous request to use the harbour Reff in Iceland was rejected by the king because there were no available harbours in Iceland, the archbishop has received news that the harbour is not currently in use and asks permission again to use the mentioned harbour for ten years.
Transcript available
1584, May 3
Skanderborg
King Frederick II of Denmark to prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen: in answer to the request of Heinrich to use the harbour Reff in Iceland, the king reports that it is in use by someone else, but that he will issue a license for the harbours Neswage and Grundeforde.
Transcript available
1584, May 3
Skanderborg
King Frederick II of Denmark permits archbishop Heinrich III of Bremen to trade in the harbours Neswage and Grundeforde in Iceland until further notice, in order to import dried fish, on the condition that his merchants will trade high-quality commodities and do not deceive customers with false measures and weights.
Transcript available
1585, November 24
Copenhagen
King Frederick II of Denmark confirms the rights of the Hamburg merchants in Iceland according to the resolutions of Copenhagen in 1562, and Flensburg in 1579, in which they are forbidden to trade with sulfur, are obliged to acquire a written license from the king, and have to allow others to trade there as well.
Transcript available
1586, February 13
Hamburg
List of harbours in Iceland, for which Hamburg merchants have applied for a license.
Transcript available
1587, November 29
London
Elderman Moritz Zimmerman of the London Steelyard to Bremen: has found out that the ship that was attacked by English pirates near Shetland while on the way to Iceland, is lying at the Isle of Man, most of the goods sold, and that attempts to retrieve it will cost a lot of money and trouble.
Transcript available
1587, December
Bremen
Johan Hudeman and Evert Schroder to Bremen: state that they have sailed to the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland for a long time, and acquired a license in 1586. On the way back, their ship has been attacked by English pirates, who left them naked on Shetland, and also robbed them of their license. Therefore, they request intercession in acquiring a new one from the Danish king.
Transcript available
1589
Bremen
Bremen secretary Daniel Bisterfeldt to the Danish Council of the Realm: list of four harbours in Iceland for which licenses should be renewed or requested on behalf of Bremen merchants, namely: Ostforde on behalf of Martin Losekanne, Bodenstede for Johan Hudeman, Flatto for Carsten Bake, and Wattlose for Johan Schroder.
1589, September 12
Eutin
Prince-archbishop John Adolf of Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Flatto in Iceland on behalf of Carsten Bake from Bremen.
1589, October 25
Hamburg
Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland, on behalf of Paul Lindeman, who was attacked by Scottish pirates in 1588.
Transcript available
1590, October 14
Bremen
Instruction for Bremen secretary Daniel Bisterfeldt, who is sent to the Danish court because Marten Losekanne was mistakingly given a license for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland, which is already in use by Daniel Elers from Hamburg, instead of Ostforde, regardless of a previous request to correct this error. Bisterfeldt will ask to change the license, and request a new license for Klevesohe in Lon, which has not been used before, on behalf of Friedrich Tilebare.
1591, May 7
Copenhagen
King Christian IV of Denmark to Bremen: states that Daniel Elers from Hamburg and governour Lorentz Kruse on Iceland have come to him and complained about the presence of Marten Losekanne from Bremen in Elers's harbour in Iceland, and asks Losekanne therefore to refrain from further use of the harbour.
1591, July 9
Wolfenbüttel
Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Lüneburg to the Danish Council of the Realm: request for a license for the harbour Stappe in Iceland, on behalf of his factor Detmar Kenckel in Bremen.
Transcript available
1592, October 10
Hamburg
Hamburg merchants with Iceland to Hamburg: complaints about the behaviour of the English merchants and fishermen in and around Iceland, who fish so much that nothing is left for the Icelanders and German merchants, attack German ships and trade illegally.
Transcript available
1592, December 31
Bremen
Carsten Bake to the Danish council of the Realm: describes the long tradition of his family of trading in Iceland, and complains about how he had to use different harbours all the time. Therefore, he requests a license for the harbours Neswage and Hellesandt.
Transcript available
1593, February 28
Bremen
Carsten Bake to the Danish Council of the Realm: states that they have promised him to grant him the right to fish and trade in winter and summer in the harbours Neswage and Kummerwage, on the condition of a letter of recommendation of the Bremen city council, and as that letter is now provided, asks them to hold this promise.
Transcript available
1593, February 28
Bremen
Carsten Bake to Bremen: describes how his father Vasmer Bake has been active in Iceland for many years, and himself has been trading in the harbours Neswage, Flatto and Holm, but lost them all to others, so that he still has many outstanding debts in various places, and therefore requests the use of Neswage and Kummerwage, which have remained unused for two years.
Transcript available
1593, September 4
Bremen
Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a prolongation of the license for the harbour Flatto in Iceland, which was formerly given to Pall Jonsson for four years, on behalf of Bremen citizen Bernd Jonsson, who was born in Iceland.
1597, January 18
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Hellesandt in Iceland on behalf of Herman Beverborch.
1597, March 11
Oldenburg
Count Johan of Oldenburg to Heinrich Ramel, royal Danish privy councillor: besides a request to buy corn in Denmark, the count complains about Bremen merchants in Iceland, who use the harbour Neswage under the name Stickingsholm with the support of sheriff Carsten Bake, damaging the Oldenburg trade there, and demands that the king forbids this.
1597, March 22
Oldenburg
Count John VII of Oldenburg to Christian Friese, Danish privy counselor: besides a request for the permission to buy rye in Denmark, the count complains about Bremen merchants, who use the harbour Neswage in Iceland under the name Stickingsholm with support of sheriff Carsten Bake, damaging the Oldenburg trade there, and asks for his help in negotiating the matter with the king.
1597, March 22
Oldenburg
Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: besides a request for permission to buy rye in Denmark, the count complains about Bremen merchants, who use the harbour Neswage in Iceland under the name Stickingsholm with support of governour Carsten Bake, damaging the Oldenburg trade there, and asks once again for royal support in the matter.
Transcript available
1597, April 20
Bremen
Gerdt Gerbade, Hinrich Albers and Albert Koster to Bremen: respond to the prohibition to sail to the harbour Stickingsholm in Iceland, for which they had received a license. Contrary to what the Oldenburg merchants claim, Stickingsholm is a different harbour from Neswage, and that the single ship of 35 last which the Oldenburg merchants use to sail to Iceland is not big enough to meet the demands of the locals. As they have already prepared their ships for this year's journey, they ask permission to use their rightful license at least for one more year.
Transcript available
1597, April 28
Bremen
Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about the prohibition to sail to Stickningsholm in Iceland, which is, contrary to what the Oldenburg merchants say, a separate harbour from Neswage. Moreover, the Oldernburg merchants are not able to meet the needs of the islanders with a single ship. If the king is unwilling to allow continued trading there, then at least permission to sail for a single year is requested, to reclaim outstanding debts.
Transcript available
1597, November 5
Bremen
Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request prolonged use of the harbour Stickingsholm in Iceland, of which the Oldenburg merchants claim that it belongs to Neswage, but from the enclosed documents it can be shown that it is a different harbour, for which the single Oldenburg ship is moreover too small to meet the needs of the locals.
1598, June 20
Copenhagen
King Christian IV of Denmark permits Jacob Fincken from Flensburg to trade with the harbour Bereforde in Iceland, which was formerly used by the deceased Daniel Elers from Hamburg, for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.
1598, June 23
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Grindewick in Iceland on behalf of Bernd Osthoff to the Danish king. Osthoff had used the harbour before, and afterwards Paul Barnefeld.
1598, June 23
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license to use the harbour Alteforde in Iceland, on behalf of Paul Barnefeld and Paul Albers, who have heard that the said harbour is available.
1598, July 25
Hamburg
Hamburg to Danish councillor Christoffer Valckendorf: has sent a request for a license for the harbour Grindewick in Iceland on behalf of Bernd Osthoff to the Danish king. Osthoff had used the harbour before, and afterwards Paul Barnefeld. As the king is apparently not in Denmark and unable to respond to the letter, the same request is asked from Valckendorff.
1598, September 27
Copenhagen
King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen, Jacob Hambrock, Rotman Pöner and Herman Kopman from Hamburg to trade with the harbours Strome and Wattlose in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.
1599, February 1
Hamburg
Eldermen of the confraternity of Iceland merchants to Hamburg: complain about the raise of tolls in Iceland from one to two portugaleser, or 32 reichstaler, which combined with the increasing corn prices and the risk of piracy means that it is hard to make a profit, and therefore ask for cancellation of this extra toll.
1599, December 18
Hamburg
Hamburg to the Danish privy councillor Christoffer Valckendorf: complaint on behalf of the Hamburg merchants in Iseforde in Iceland, who were accused by lawman Jon Jonsson of not having brought enough commodities for the local population, but who have sailed there for 12 years and have acquired a license in 1598 for three years. Therefore, it is asked to reject the request of Johan Holtgreve to sail there as well.
1600, January 3
Oldesloe
Oldesloe to Danish councillor Christoffer Valckendorff: request for a license for the harbours Husewick and Schlete in Iceland, which are not in use, on behalf of Michael Barchstede, who has traded in England before.
1600, October 24
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the licenses for Wapenforde in Iceland on behalf of Hans Hering, Claus Olde and Herman Gansberg, which was acquired in 1598 by Hering, Cordt Basse (who died) and Jacob Winock (who received an office in Iceland), and for Dureshave on behalf of Hans Hering alone, which he held formerly with Cordt Basse.
Transcript available
1600, December 30
Bremen
The city council of Bremen testifies, that Carsten Bake appeared before them and complained about how lawman Jon Jonsson in Snæfellsnes forced him to use a new weight which was lighter than the old one, and forbade him to ship commodities out of Iceland. Moreover, as many animals died in Iceland last year, this brought him great damage. The story is (partly) confirmed under oath by four other merchants with Iceland.
1601, February 13
Hamburg
Bernd and Henning Salfeld to Hamburg: renewed request for a license for the harbours Hellesand or Olefswick in Iceland, which are currently not in use, including permission to sail to Reff to reclaim their father's outstanding debts, who sailed there for over fifty years and died recently, but now Reff is in use by Gerdt Melsow from Bergen. A previous request was left unanswered.
Transcript available
1601, July 18
Nyborg
King Christian IV of Denmark to Hamburg: replies to the request of Michael Betken to use the harbour Grindewick in Iceland, that after the current licenses have expired, merchants from Hamburg and Bremen are not allowed to trade there anymore.
Transcript available
1601, July 24
Copenhagen
King Christian IV of Denmark to Bremen: grants the right to trade in Iceland to merchants from Copenhagen and other surrounding cities, and forbids foreign merchants to trade there after their licenses have expired.
Transcript available
[1603, after October 3]
[Bremen]
Frederich Koster, Friedrich Tilebare and Cordt Walleman to Bremen: complain about the prohibition of the trade with Iceland by the Danish king, even though Bremen merchants have traded in Iceland for over hundred years. Moreover, the king could have let this be known earlier, so that they have time to collect their outstanding debts.
1601, October 29
Hamburg
Hamburg merchants with Iceland to Hamburg: reaction to the prohibition of the Icelandic trade for foreigners, which they claim is unfair, as they have served the Icelandic population for over 200 years with good commodities and have maintained good relations with them. Moreover, as the prohibition came unexpected, there are still many outstandig debts in 13 harbours for which the license has expired.
1601, November 10
Oldenburg
Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about the royal prohibition to sail to Iceland. He claims the trade of his Copenhagen subjects will not suffer if the Oldenburg merchants use the former licenses, which the count had hoped would have been extended.
Transcript available
1601, November 15
Bremen
Instruction of the Bremen city council for Johan von Affelen, who is sent to the Danish court to discuss the prohibition of the Icelandic trade for foreign traders. Not only will the prohibition damage the Bremen merchants, who have traded in Iceland for as long as people remember, also it will be of disadvantage to the Icelanders. Therefore, it is asked to prolong the licenses for the three harbours served by Bremen, or at least to let them sail to these harbours until they have collected their outstanding debts.
Transcript available
1601, November 16
Bremen
Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: letter of consignment for Johan von Affelen, who is sent to the Danish court to discuss the prohibition of the Icelandic trade.
Transcript available
1601, November 27
Frederiksborg
King Christian IV of Denmark to Hamburg: answer to their complaints about the prohibition of the Icelandic trade, that he will not change his mind.
1601, December 13
Hamburg
Hans Steinkamp and Bernd Osthoff to Hamburg: complain how the ship of Hans Hare has shipwrecked on Helgoland on its way to Iceland, at which occasion most of their goods were lost, so that they had to cancel the journey to Iceland for this year. Because their license for the harbour Grindewick has expired, however, they ask permission to sail once more next year.
1602, August 30
Hamburg
Johan Holtgreve to Hamburg: request to be released from custody on payment of a bail, or else to spend his custody in the confraternity of England merchants instead of that of the brewers, so he can continue his business in the meantime.
1602, late August
Hamburg
Johan Holtgreve to Hamburg: request to be released from custody and to send the king of Denmark his answer to the complaint of Copenhagen merchants, that he was unable to visit his harbour Spakonefeldshovede.
1602, September 12
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: in reaction to complaints of Copenhagen merchants in Iceland, Johan Holtgreve has declared that he could not use the harbour Spakonefeldshovede because of the multitude of sea ice last year, and had to go to Botsand instead, where the locals were starving and could not sell their fishes to the Danish merchants because they were too small.
1602, September 16
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: answer to the complaint of Copenhagen merchants that Hamburg merchants have interfered in their business by using the harbour Watlose in Iceland, which is unfair, because they still had a valid license to use the harbour, and ask to sail there for one more year, because they still have many outstanding debts because of the bad weather last year.
Transcript available
1602, September 26
Hamburg
Johann Holdtgreve to [Hamburg]: request to be released from custody on the payment of a bail, because he has heard from his merchants from Helsingør that the Danish king is in Norway, so it will take a long time before his case can be judged, and in the meantime he cannot do business.
Transcript available
1602, [before November 26]
[Hamburg]
Merchants who used to sail to Kiblewick to Hamburg: complain about the Haneforde merchants' proposal to sail commodities from Iceland to Denmark.
1603, February
Oldenburg
Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to use the harbour Olafswick near Kummerwage in Iceland, which has never been used before, as the fish catches have been so bad in the previous year, that the Oldenburg merchants still have many outstanding debts on the island.
1603, February 17
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to trade normally one more year in the harbours Watlose and Strome in Iceland, on behalf of Cordt Wemeyer and Hans von Hutlen, who still have a license for a year, and if not, to get permission to sail with a small ship to Iceland to reclaim outstanding debts and goods.
Transcript available
1603, April 14
Copenhagen
King Christian IV of Denmark to Bremen: orders all to finish their business and collect their outstanding debts on Iceland this year, as it will be the last year that foreign presence in Iceland is tolerated.
Transcript available
1603, May 1
Bremen
Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: draft for an answer to the king's final prohibition of the Icelandic trade, in which the support of the governour and the islanders is asked in reclaiming their last outstanding debts. The letter was never sent.
1603, September 8
Hamburg
Berndt Salfeld to Hamburg: complains about how he went to the harbour Reff in Iceland to pick up a load of stockfish which was traded by his brother David, and which he couldn't take last year, but was accused by lawman Jon Jonsson that his license was expired, and his brother David had traded illegally in Reff, and his goods and booths were confiscated.
1603, September 23
Hamburg
Bernd Salfeld to Hamburg: complains about how he went to the harbour Reff in Iceland to pick up a load of stockfish which was traded by his brother David with consent of lawman Jon Jonsson, and which he couldn't take last year, but was accused by governour Ewalt Kruse that his license was expired, and his brother David had traded illegally in Reff, and his goods and booths were confiscated.
1603, November 13
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to return the goods that were confiscated from Bernd Salfeld in Iceland by the governor and lawman when he tried to collect his outstanding debts.
1604, March 12
Hamburg
Merchants wo used to sail to Iceland to Hamburg: request for mediation with the Danish king to be allowed to sail one ship to Iceland to collect the goods, debts, and booths that are still on the island, or to transport these on a Danish ship, because they still have many outstanding debts on Iceland.
1604, March 22
Hamburg
Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request on behalf of the merchants with Iceland, to send a small ship to Iceland to collect the goods, booths and ships that were left behind on the island.
Transcript available
1610, January 19
Hamburg
Hamburg to King Christian IV of Denmark: because Heinrich Krack was accused of having traded illegally in Iceland in 1609, he was brought to court in Hamburg, where he declared that he had been fishing near Shetland and the Faroes, and because he had caught too little and was driven by a storm to Iceland, he was forced to trade a little there to make a living. Therefore, it is asked to refrain from further prosecution.
Transcript available
1611, March 29
Hamburg
Henrich Kracke to Hamburg: although governor Herloff Daa has accused him of having traded illegally in Iceland, Kracke has only been in Iceland to fish, and had sold just a little to Icelanders who had come to him at sea, so he did not interfere in anyone's business on land. Therefore, it is asked that all charges against him are dropped.
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