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You have searched for: Sie haben gesucht nach: Denmark

Displaying records 11 tobis 450 ofvon 450 Einträgen gezeigt

14250507AKE00

Transcript available

1425, May 7

Akershus

King Erik of Norway and Denmark forbids all trade of Germans and other foreigners with Northern Norway, Iceland and the other tributary lands, which they have recently started, and orders his lawmen and officials to act against violations of this rule.

14350000XXX01

[1435]

Fragment of a lawsuit of an unnamed bishop against skipper Peter Dambeke, in which it is complained by various merchants that Dambeke had left Iceland earlier than agreed and had left their commodities on land, which were spoilt or taken by the English. Therefore, a compensation is claimed of 500 English nobles.

14800704LUN00

Transcript available

1480, July 4

Lundur (Lundareykjadalur)

24 Icelandic sheriffs and lawrightmen to King Christian I of Denmark: testify that they were at Althing and heard that the Icelanders complained about foreigners who stay in winter and sell their commodities at too high a price, and ask for the king to send a letter to confirm their grievances.

14810520KOB00

Transcript available

1481, May 20

Copenhagen

King Christian I of Denmark declares after complaints of Icelanders about foreign merchants, that it is forbidden for foreigners to stay in winter, and that they should respect the trade regulations.

14900328KOB00

Transcript available

1490, March 28

Copenhagen

King John of Denmark and Norway allows merchants from cities in Holland to trade in Bergen, Iceland and Shetland, under the same conditions as the merchants from the German Hansa.

15090814HAM00

1509, August 14

Hamburg

[Hamburg] to the king Frederick I of Denmark: complaint about hindrance of Cordt Froudendal's activities in the harbour Botsand in Iceland by English merchants.

15130618KOB00

Transcript available

1513, June 18

Report of Hamburg secretary Johann Reinken about the negotiations of Hanseatic cities with Denmark in Copenhagen, in which among others the King and the Council of the Realm state that Bremen and Hamburg are only allowed to trade in Iceland if they bring the fish to England.

15130726KOB00

Transcript available

1513, July 26

Copenhagen

Agreement between King Christian II of Denmark-Norway and the Wendish cities, in which the Hanseatic privileges in Bergen are renewed, among others that Hanseatic merchants will refrain from the trade with Iceland, except if they bring the fish to England.

15130812NYK00

Transcript available

1513, August 12

Nyköping

King Christian II of Denmark to the Wendish cities: declares that, after complaints from the Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen, it is forbidden to trade directly with Iceland, unless the fish is brought directly to England.

15140730LUB00

Transcript available

1514, July 30

[Lübeck]

List of Johann Rode, secretary of Lübeck, with issues to be discussed during negotiations with King Christian II of Denmark in Oslo, among others that the Icelandic trade will remain as agreed upon the year before.

15150800OSL00

Transcript available

[1515, beginning of August]

[Oslo]

Answer of King Christian II of Denmark to the Hanseatic envoys during negotiations in Oslo, among others that he has confirmed the existing regulations about the Icelandic trade.

15150818KOB00

Transcript available

1515, August 18

Copenhagen

King Christian II of Denmark proclaims that it is forbidden for German merchants to trade in Iceland, unless the fish is directly brought to England, on the penalty of loosing protection and the use of privileges in Norway.

15210327FLE00

Transcript available

1521, March 27

Flensburg

Tyle Persson to King Christian II of Denmark: sends him part of the English cloth that was still in Hamburg, and regrets that he cannot come to see him, but has heard that lawmen Vigfús Erlendsson has been made governor of Iceland with the support of men from Hamburg, and requests to write to Hamburg that they should not mingle in Icelandic politics and not hinder him in his own office as governor of Iceland and the Faroes.

15230222KOB00

Transcript available

1523, February 22

Copenhagen

King Christian II of Denmark to Iceland: proclaims that no foreigners - German or English - are allowed to trade in Iceland before they have paid an annual toll of 20 guilders.

15240800KOB00

Transcript available

[1524, August]

[Copenhagen]

King Frederick I of Denmark confirms the Hanseatic privileges in Bergen, and allows the Icelandic trade for German merchants, but not the direct trade with Shetland and the Faroes.

15250000VEE00

Transcript available

[Late 1524 or early 1525]

Veere

Report of Corneille Double, secretary of the exiled King Christian II of Denmark, about the crimes of Joachim Wollenweuer, who was enfeoffed with the Faroes in 1520, against the royal authorities on the islands in the years after his enfeoffment had expired, and the attempt to arrest him in the town of Veere.

15260500KOB00

Transcript available

[1526, middle of May]

Instruction of King Frederick I of Denmark to governor Hinrich Rantzow in Rendsburg, who is sent to the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, among others to discuss ships which are ready to sail from Hamburg to Iceland.

15290207GOT00

Transcript available

1529, February 7

Gottorp

King Frederick I of Denmark to the inhabitants of the Faroes: announces that he has given the Faroes to commander Eski Bille of Bergenhus as a fief, and that all taxes and levies will have to given to him.

15290901BER00

Transcript available

1529, September 1

Bergenhus

Eski Bilde, commander of Bergenhus, to King Frederick I of Denmark: sends a part of fishes and other commodities, of which the rest will come later, and reports that the ship that he had sent to the Faroes has wrecked.

15291128GOT00

Transcript available

1529, November 28

Gottorp

King Frederick I of Denmark to Eski Bilde, commander of Bergenhus: writes that he has given the Faroes to Thomes Koppen from Hamburg as a fief, under the same levies as in king Hans' time, and asks not to hinder him.

15291128SLE00

Transcript available

1529, November 28

Schleswig

Royal Danish chancellor Claus Gørtze to Eski Bilde, commander of Bergenhus: King Frederick I of Denmark has enfeoffed Thomas Koppen, his former secretary and now citizen of Hamburg, with the Faroes, and asks not to hinder him.

15311204GOT00

Transcript available

1531, December 4

Gottorp

King Frederick I of Denmark announces that two years earlier, Thomes Koppen from Hamburg has appeared before him together with Joachim Wlweffuer, as both men will share the enfeoffment that Koppen has for the Faroes.

15311204XXX00

Transcript available

[1531, after December 4]

King Frederick I of Denmark announces that Anders Guttormsen shall become lawman on the Faroes, and has to swear his oath before Joachim Wlweffuer, the royal governor of the islands, and the Faroese community.

15320000HAM01

[1532]

Summary of the letter of Hamburg to the English king, which was given with Bartholomeus van der Linden.

15321013GOT00

Transcript available

1532,October 13

Gottorf

King Frederick I of Denmark to king Henry VIII of England: in response to English complaints about violence of Hamburg and Bremen merchants against them in Iceland, it is stated that the English behaved unlawfully against the local population, and therefore the Germans were only helping the governour to punish the English. Therefore, it is asked to excuse them and to refrain from measures against German merchants in England.

15321030HAM00

1532, October 30

[Hamburg]

Tonnies Pingsten, Hinrick Martins and Lutke Schmidt to bailiff Dirick tho Bramstede in Iceland: repeated request for his support in the conflict with the English about the violence in Iceland.

15321100TRO00

Transcript available

1532, early November

Trondheim

[Archbishop Olaf of Trondheim] to King Frederick I of Denmark: list of points where Norwegian privileges are bypassed, mostly related to church goods and offices, as well as Iceland and the Faroes, which are in German hands, to the disadvantage of Norwegian merchants.

15321210LON00

Transcript available

1532, December 10

London

King Henry VIII of England to Hamburg: letter in response to the violence of Hamburg merchants against Nicolas Gybson in Iceland, for which he sends a representative to negotiate the matter in Hamburg and Denmark.

15330000HAM00

1533-1628

[Hamburg]

First donation register of the confraternity of St Anne of the Hamburg merchants with Iceland, which contains donations, mostly in fish or money, from the people on board of ships returning each year from Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes to Hamburg from 1533-1628. Also contains notes about the annual accounting of the eldermen of the confraternity.

15330000HAM03

[1533]

Summary of the case of Hanse Hesterberg and Herman van der Huden in Iceland, who transported Icelandic fish on Hinrick Berndes ship and on Boedtken Droeghe's ship to England, where it was confiscated on the pretense that it was the fish that was stolen from English merchant John Breyen in Iceland, which was not true.

15330111HAM00

1533, January 11

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick I of Denmark: they have heard that the English king will send an envoy to Bremen and Hamburg to discuss the Icelandic conflict, but as they were acting on command of the Danish governour of Iceland, the king is asked to settle the matter as soon as possible, so that merchants sailing to Iceland next sommer will not get into trouble.

15330112HAM02

1533, January 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to Rostock doctor of law Johan Oldendorp: asks for his cooperation in the negotiations between Denmark and England surrounding the conflict between Bremen and Hamburg and English merchants in Iceland.

15330116HAM01

1533, January 16

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick I of Denmark: write that the English ambassador Thomas Lee has arrived in Hamburg, but does not speak German, and they will therefore send him to Denmark to discuss the conflict between English and German merchants in Iceland.

15330203HAM00

1533, February 3

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick I of Denmark: asks for Dirick tho Bramstede, governour in Iceland, to be present at the negotiations about the conflict between English and German merchants in Iceland, because he had turned them against each other.

15330205BRE00

1533, February 5

Bremen

Martinus Michaelis from Bremen to Herman Rover, secretary of Hamburg: request on behalf of the Bremen skippers to keep them updated about the negotiations in Holstein which will soon take place.

15330207SEG00

1533, February 7

Segeberg

Crown prince Christian of Denmark to Hamburg: asks them to come to Segeberg to negotiate their conflict with the English.

15330210HAM00

1533, February 10

Hamburg

Hamburg secretary Herman Rover to Bremen secretary Martin Michaelis: upon inquiry from Bremen about the proceedings in the negotiations about the Icelandic quarrels with the English ambassador, it is answered that he has gone to Denmark, and that negotiations will take place in Segeberg soon, after which he will travel on to Bremen.

15330211HAM00

1533, February 11

Hamburg

Hamburg to crown prince Christian of Denmark: confirm that they received his invitation to come to Segeberg to discuss the conflict with the English on Iceland, and propose a date for the negotiations to begin.

15330212GOT00

1533, February 12

Gottorp

King Frederick I of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 100 Lübeck mark, which was the royal levy for the Faroes for the year 1532.

15330212RAT00

Transcript available

1533, February 12

Ratzeburg

Crown prince Christian of Denmark to Hamburg: announces that the negotiations in Segeberg will start coming Sunday.

15330303HAM00

1533, March 3

Hamburg

Hamburg secretary Herman Rover to Gerdt Nigebur, merchant in London: has discussed with his partners Hans Hesterberch and Herman van der Huden and the English ambassador about the Icelandic fishes that were confiscated in England, for which a compensation of 500 pound sterling is demanded, although they are only worth 100 pounds.

15330408GOT00

Transcript available

1533, April 8

Gottorf

King Frederick I of Denmark to Hamburg: sends them a copy of the treaty of Segeberg, which they can send on to the English king.

15330408GOT01

1533, April 8

Gottorf

King Frederick I of Denmark to king Henry VIII of England: sends him the final response against the English in Segeberg.

15340306HAM00

Transcript available

1534, March 6

Hamburg

Thomas Koppen to Eske Bille, commander of Bergenhus: sends him a copy of his enfeoffment with the Faroes, and asks not to send a ship there to his detriment. Moreover, he sends him two barrels of Hamburg beer and a cake for his wife, as well as news about the political situation in Denmark and Germany.

15340315HAM00

Transcript available

1534, March 15

Hamburg

Gotschalck van Alefelde to Eske Bilde, commander in Bergenhus: as the late King Frederick I of Denmark has given the Faroes to his secretary Thomas Koppen as a fief for his services, he asks to see that no merchants from Bergen will sail there and hinder his business.

15340410BER00

Transcript available

1534, April 10

Bergen

Bishop Olaf of Bergen and commander Vincents Lunge of Vardøhus to the Faroese: the Norwegian Council of the Realm has decided that after the death of King Frederick I of Denmark, the Faroes are placed under the command of Eske Bylle, commander of Bergenhus again, and not of Joachim Wullenwever and Thomas Koppen from Hamburg anymore.

15340423BER00

Transcript available

1534, April 23

Bergenhus

Commander Eske Bille of Bergenhus anounces the Faroese that because of the great damage that Hamburg is doing to the Faroes, the Norwegian Council of the Realm has decided that after the death of king Frederick I of Denmark, the islands will be brought under his control.

15350000XXX00

Transcript available

[1535?]

King Christian III of Denmark to lawman Anders Guttormsen and governor Nis Jonsen of the Faroes: have to give all taxes, levies and other payments belonging to the crown to Thomes Koping.

15350410HAD00

1535, April 10

Haderslev

King Christian III of Denmark to the Faroese: has given the Faroes to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg, who will send one ship annually from Hamburg to buy and sell commodities, and if someone else will come in that position with support of Count Christopher [of Oldenburg] or of Lübeck, this will have to be resisted.

15350410XXX00

[c.1535, April 10]

King Christian III of Denmark allows Thomes Koeppen from Hamburg to sail to the Faroes with his ship.

15350710LUB00

Transcript available

[1535, July 10 - August 29]

[Lübeck]

Proceedings of the Hanseatic Diet in Lübeck, where among others the Hanseatic Kontor in London complains about the violent attacks from Bremen and Hamburg merchants against the English in Iceland in 1532, to which the burgomaster of Hamburg replies that the Danish king bore responsibility for it, and Bremen and Hamburg complain about hindrance of their trade with Iceland, Shetland and the Faroes.

15350815TOR00

Transcript available

1535, August 15

Tórshavn

Lawman Anders Guttormssen and other officials on the Faroes to King Christian III of Denmark: report that Hans Thehus, the representative of Thomas Koppen, came to them, showed his license and forbade Herman Reynickenn and his companions to trade there, whereupon the latter answered that Christian III was no rightful king.

15360217HAM00

1536, February 17

Hamburg

King Christian III of Denmark to the lawman, governor and inhabitants of the Faroes: has heard from Thomas Koppen that skipper Herman Renicken, Hans Loes and Hans Siiderborg have traded on the islands, although only Koppen is allowed to trade there, and that they have claimed that Christian III was not the rightful king. Therefore it is asked to safeguard Koppen's privileges on the islands.

15360218HAM00

Transcript available

1536, February 18

Hamburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Esgy Bille, commander of Bergenhus: asks to support Thomes Koppen from Hamburg, who has been enfeoffed with the Faroes, in collecting the taxes from the islands, and to not hinder him in doing so.

15371227HAD00

Transcript available

1537, December 27

Haderslev

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: announces that he has appointed Claus von der Marwitz as governor of Iceland, and asks the Hamburg merchants to support him when needed, to transport his goods and behave cooperatively towards him.

15380310XXX00

Transcript available

1538, March 10

King Christian III of Denmark permits merchants Helmich Schmid and Thonges Mutter and skipper Herman Vurborn from Lübeck to trade in Iceland, and writes this in a letter to governor Clawes von der Marwitz.

15390427GOT00

1539, April 27

Gottorp

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 100 Lübeck mark, which was the royal levy for the Faroes.

15400118HAM00

Transcript available

1540, January 18

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian III of Denmark: send the testimony of merchants with Iceland about the violence in the previous year on request of governour Claus van der Marwitz.

15450000HAM00

[1545]

[Hamburg]

Hamburg merchants with Iceland to Hamburg: complain about Otto Stigson, governour of Iceland, who has confiscated last year the fishing boats which were sold to Icelanders, has hindered them to take action against their debtors, and forbade them the winter stay, against ancient custom.

15450000XXX01

1545

King Christian III of Denmark confirms the lease of the Faroes to Thomas Koppen, who will have all incomes of the island, and no one else is allowed to trade there, as was originally decided by King Frederick I.

15470104KOL00

Transcript available

1547, January 4

Kolding

King Christian III of Denmark leases Iceland to Copenhagen for ten years for an annual payment of 1000 Lübische mark, on the condition that they appoint their own governour and supply the island with commodities.

15470214KOL00

1547, February 14

Kolding

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen: Koppen receives two parts of the church goods in the Faroes, for which he shall pay annually 100 Lübeck mark to the school on the islands, 100 mark to the hospital, and 500 mark to the king each year on Easter.

15470214KOL01

1547, February 14

Kolding

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 200 Lübeck mark, which was the royal levy for the Faroes for the years 1545 and 1546.

15470215KOL00

1547, February 15

Kolding

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for his payment of the levies for the ecclesiastical goods of the Faroes for the years 1545 and 1546, which were received by treasurer Jørgen Pedersen.

15470819KOB00

1547, August 19

Copenhagen

Vaschke Paschkens to king Christian III of Denmark: asks as faithful merchant with Iceland to send a letter to Lüneburg to support him as the only rightful heir of his deceased uncle Boldwin Bierstedt, against his other uncle Hein Bierstedt.

15480312KOL00

1548, March 12

Koldinghus

King Christian III of Denmark to Christoffer Hvidtfeldt: has recently allowed citizens of Bergen to trade in the Faroes, but now Thomas Koppen from Hamburg has complained that due to the bad last year, he has a lot of outstanding debts on the islands, which he fears he cannot collect if Bergen citizens are trading there as well. Therefore, it is requested that they will not trade there until Koppen has collected his outstanding debts.

15480312KOL01

1548, March 12

Koldinghus

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 500 Lübeck mark, which was the royal levy for the Faroes for 1547, including 400 mark for the church lands, and a confirmation that he has paid 100 mark to the school and 100 mark to the poor on the islands.

15480313KOL00

1548, March 13

Koldinghus

King Christian III of Denmark to Elisabeth, wife of Thomas Koppen: allows that she can enjoy her husband's privileges on the Faroes for one more year after his death to collect his outstanding debts, under the same tolls and levies as before.

15480913FLE00

1548, September 13

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 500 Lübeck mark, which was the royal levy for the Faroes, including 400 mark for the church lands.

15490324KOL00

1549, March 24

Kolding

[King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg]: Writes that the Hamburg merchants are free to trade in Iceland by his permission only, and that he will continue to permit this, as long as they respect the rules and do not stay in Iceland in winter.

15491220NYB00

Transcript available

1549, December 20

Nyborg

Governour Lorentz Müle of Iceland to king Christian III of Denmark: reports how he has captured five merchant servants from Hamburg and Lübeck, who have stayed in winter in Iceland, and brought them to Amsterdam.

15491224NYB00

1549, December 24

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: sends a complaint from Lorenz Mule, governor of Iceland, and warns them not to stay in winter in Iceland, or to act against the law of the land, and requests to arrest the formerly arrested Hamburg citizens who have fled in Amsterdam.

15491229KOL00

1549, December 29

Kolding

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: in response to a complaint of the Hamburg merchants with Iceland, states that he is generally favourable to their presence in Iceland, but they should remember that they can only do so by his special permission, that they should not stay in winter, and should obey the law of the land and the governor.

15500000HAM00

Transcript available

1550

Hamburg representatives Johan Straubb, Gerdt Niebuer and Luder Schulte to king Christian III of Denmark: complaint against governor Laurens Mull, who captured young merchants in Iceland in 1549. They explain how they are only helping the poor inhabitants of the island by supplying them with goods and fishing boats.

15500000HAM01

Transcript available

[1550?]

[Hamburg]

[Hamburg] to king Christian III of Denmark: have received his letter, but were not yet able to get a reply from the [merchants with Iceland], and ask to hear the governour of Iceland about the matter.

15500000HAM05

[c.1550]

[Hamburg]

Hamburg merchants with Iceland to Hamburg: reply to complaint of governour Otto Stigsen in Iceland, in which they state that the trade in Iceland has been free for all for a long time, that the Icelanders refused to pay with fishes by weight, and that the conflict should be settled at Althing.

15500308FLE00

Transcript available

1550, March 8

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: answers to complaints from Hamburg that since Didrick Pining made an agreement with foreign merchants in 1490, they are not allowed to stay in winter in Iceland, without exception, and that if they wish to leave their commodities there, they can let it be guarded by Icelanders.

15500313FLE00

1550, March 13

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 500 Lübeck mark, which was received by Hans Skovgaard, which was the royal levy for the Faroes for 1549, including 400 mark for the church lands.

15500320FLE00

Transcript available

1550, March 20

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Copenhagen: explains how he has answered Hamburg in reaction to their complaints, that they are not allowed to stay in winter in Iceland, and that if they want to leave their commodities there, they can let it be guarded by Icelanders.

15500915MAL00

1550, September 15

Malmö

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: complaint about violent behaviour of Hamburg merchants in Iceland last summer, who confiscated fish which belonged to Copenhagen merchants and the king and attacked Danish merchants. Moreover, the governor has not illegally taken goods from them last winter, because foreigners are not allowed to stay in winter, which was also confirmed on the Althing this summer. Therefore, it is demanded that the violent merchants, servants, and crew members be arrested and the confiscated fish be returned.

15501020HAM00

1550, October 20?

[Hamburg]

Hamburg merchants who have been in Iceland last summer to Hamburg: reaction to the king's complaints that they have behaved violently and confiscated fish in Iceland, which they state is not true, as the governor himself behaved violently and refused to return the goods to them which he confiscated last winter, and forbade Icelanders to take their goods into custody.

15501201NYB00

1550, December 1

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: has received their complaints about what happened on Iceland last summer, and asked the governor and the Copenhagen merchants for a reaction, but accuses the Hamburg merchants of having stayed in winter, and violating Copenhagen property.

15501201NYB01

Transcript available

1550, December 1

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Copenhagen: Hamburg has complained about the actions directed against them by governor Lauritzs Mule in Iceland last year, and it is requested to send him and others to inform the king about these events.

15510105NYB00

1551, January 5

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: in reaction to their complaints, emphasizes that they are not supposed to stay in Iceland in winter, should respect the law of the land, and accuses them of having behaved violently towards the governor and the merchants from Copenhagen.

15510204NYB00

1551, February 4

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Hamburg: after the city council had not yet provided an answer to his last letter, it is asked to send an answer as soon as possible.

15510306FLE00

Transcript available

1551, March 6

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Eske Bilde: Hamburg merchants have violently taken fish from Copenhagen merchants in Iceland, and the bishop of northern Iceland has revolted, and therefore warships will be sent to Iceland to end this situation, unless Hamburg will compensate the damage, in which case the warships will only act against the bishop.

15510310HAM00

1551, March 10

[Hamburg]

[Hamburg] to king Christian III of Denmark: writes in response to a complaint from the king about their presence in Iceland that they will soon send an envoy to discuss the Icelandic problems.

15510321FLE00

1551, March 21

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Thomas Koppen from Hamburg: quittance for 500 Lübeck mark, which was the royal levy for the Faroes for 1550, including 400 mark for the church lands.

15510405FLE00

Transcript available

1551, April 5

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Eske Bylle: reports that Hamburg has agreed with Copenhagen to compensate the fish taken from them in Iceland, as well as that warships are sent to northern Iceland to suppress the revolt of the bishop.

15510408FLE00

Transcript available

1551, April 8

Flensburg

King Christian III of Denmark to Copenhagen: announces that he wants to put an end to the dominance of Hamburg traders in Iceland and will send warships there to restore the order on the island.

15511021KOB00

1551, October 21

Copenhagen

King Christian III of Denmark to Johan Strubbe, doctor of law in Lübeck: inquires about the conditions under which the compensation to Hamburg has to be payed for damage inflicted upon them in Iceland, as agreed upon during negotiations in Flensburg earlier that year.

15511119HAM00

1551, November 19

Hamburg

Hamburg to [king Christian III of Denmark]: response to complaints about violent behaviour of their merchants in Iceland, with regards to the agreement which they settled during negotiations in Flensburg.

15511130DRO00

Transcript available

1551, [November 30]

Dronningborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Eske Bille and Eskildt Oxe: informs among others that he has appointed Poul Hvitfeld as governor in Iceland to protect the trade interests of Copenhagen merchants against those from Hamburg.

15520300XXX00

[1552, March]

King Christian III of Denmark to royal treasurer Jurgen Pedersen: request to send him the 13 packages of Faroese wadmal which Thomas Koppen has sent to Ribe.

15530218NYB00

1553, February 18

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Christoffer Hvitfeldt, commander of Bergenhus: after the death of Thomas Koppen, who had been enfeoffed with the Faroes, the control over the islands is put under Bergen again, and all Faroese taxes and levies will have to be paid to Hvitfeldt or his representative.

15530221NYB00

1553, February 21

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Copenhagen: answer to their request for the trading monopoly over the Faroes after Thomas Koppen has died, in which he states that he has put the command over the islands under Bergenhus again, but that it will be free for Danes and Norwegians to trade there.

15530315NYB00

1553, March 15

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Herman Wetken from Hamburg: quittance for 1000 Lübeck mark on behalf of Thomas Koppen, which was the royal levy for the Faroes for the last two years 1551 and 1552.

15530316NYB00

1553, March 16

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to Christoffer Hvidtfeldt, commander of Bergenhus: request to help Elisabeth, the widow of Thomas Koppen, to collect the royal taxes and levies and her deceased husband's outstanding debts on the Faroes, for which she had received permission.

15550307NYB00

Transcript available

1555, March 7

Nyborg

King Christian III of Denmark to governor Knud Stensen of Iceland: some years ago Jacob van Salten from Lübeck has taken fish from Icelanders without paying, and therefore just as much fish has to be confiscated from the Lübeck merchants in Iceland.

15560100XXX00

[1556, January?]

King Christian III of Denmark announces that he has heard that during Thomas Koppen's monopoly of the Faroes, he has allowed to trade foreigners there against Norwegian law, and therefore it is emphasized that it is only allowed to trade with Danes and Norwegians.

15560314HAM00

1556, March 14

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian III of Denmark: request on behalf of the merchants trading in Iceland to introduce a weight when calculating the prizes to be paid for goods.

15591102ROS00

1559, November 2

Roskilde

King Frederick II of Denmark renews his father's prohibition of free trade with the Faroes for any foreigner, except with the king's specific permission.

15600825XXX00

Transcript available

[1560, August 25]

King Frederick II of Denmark to Pouel Stissen, governor of Iceland: count Anthony of Oldenburg has requested to trade in Iceland to supply his court with fish, and therefore he should be helped in acquiring the desired fish when his ship reaches Iceland.

15610119EMB00

Transcript available

1561, January 19

Emborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Magnus Gyldenstiernn: relates that he has written to Hamburg, Bremen and Lübeck that they shall not export sulfur from Iceland anymore, and to governor Poul Stigsen to prevent this from happening, and asks to deliver the letter to him.

15610119EMB01

Transcript available

1561, January 19

Emborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to governour Poul Stigsen in Iceland: relates how he has written to Bremen, Lübeck and Hamburg that they shall not trade Icelandic sulfur anymore, and asks him to see to it that this does not happen.

15610222RIB00

Transcript available

1561, February 22

Ribe

King Frederick II of Denmark to the inhabitants of northern Iceland: proclaims that all inhabitants of Iceland shall only sell their sulfur to the royal merchant, and not to foreigners anymore.

15610222RIB01

Transcript available

1561, February 22

Ribe

King Frederick II of Denmark to lawman Eggert Hanssen in northern Iceland: has written a letter to all Icelanders that they shall only sell their sulfur to the royal merchant, and not to foreigners anymore, and requests to implement these regulations.

15610223RIB00

Transcript available

1561, February 23

Ribe

King Frederick II of Denmark to Magnus Gyldenstiern: relates how he has written letters to all northern Icelanders, lawman Eggert Hanssen, and bishop Olafur Hjaltason of Hólar, that they shall only sell sulfur to Danish traders, and not to foreigners anymore, and requests to deliver these letters.

15610228LUB00

1561, February 28

Lübeck

Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint against the prohibition to trade sulfur from the North of Iceland, which damages the Hanseatic merchants and cities.

15610306HAM00

Transcript available

1561, March 6

Hamburg

Instruction for Hamburg burgomasters and councillors Albert Hackeman, Laurentz Niebuer, Wilhelm Moller and Nicolaus Vogler, who are sent to Denmark to prevent the prohibition of the sulfur trade from northern Iceland for Hamburg merchants, in which the services of Hamburg for the Icelanders and the Danish crown are emphasized.

15610628KOB00

Transcript available

1561, June 28

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark grants Stefan Loitz and his family the monopoly to trade sulfur from the North of Iceland for twelve years starting 1562, on the condition that they bring it to Copenhagen first and export nothing else than sulfur, for an annual payment of 3000 Rhenish guilders.

15620323FRE00

Transcript available

1562, March 23

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to all who live in northern Iceland: announces that his own merchant will buy all train oil produced in Iceland, and forbids them to sell any of it to foreigners. A similar letter is sent to southern Iceland.

15620530HAM00

1562, May 30

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: state that the Hamburg skipper Peter Klott, who had fitted out a ship of 80 lasts to load sulfur in Husewick in Iceland, does so in cooperation with the Loitz family, and is therefore not violating the sulfur trade ban.

15621017HAM00

1562, October 17

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: report that skipper Hans Schomaker arrived in Hamburg from Iceland with a ship of 40 to 50 last loaded with sulfur, on behalf of Stefan Loitz. As sulfur is only allowed to be brought to Copenhagen, Schomaker claimed that weather conditions prevented him from sailing there.

15621212STE00

1562, December 12

Stettin (Szczecin)

Stefan Loitz to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to the king's complain that the 3000 guilders for the Icelandic sulfur monopoly were not paid, Loitz writes that he will come to Copenhagen at Christmas to discuss the matter.

15630131FRE00

Transcript available

1563, January 31

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: request to send a list of goods on board of the ship that was arrested with sulfur from Iceland in the Elbe.

15630205FRE00

Transcript available

1563, February 5

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: asks to refrain from trading in the harbours Stappe, Reff, and Grundeforde in the West of Iceland, because Danish merchants are trading there now.

15630221HAM00

1563, February 21

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: in reaction to a complaint of the king about a ship filled with sulfur from Iceland, a cargo list is sent, to prove that most of the the sulfur was transported for the Loitz family.

15630224STE00

1563, February 24

Stettin (Szczecin)

Simon Loitz and Hans Loitz the Elder and the Younger to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to the king's complain that Stefan Loitz did not pay the 3000 guilders in return for his monopoly on the Icelandic sulfur trade, it is claimed that the king violated the conditions as well by stopping their ships in Hamburg and sending two ships to Iceland himself last year.

15630300HAM00

1563, March

Hamburg

Hamburg representative Johan Niebur to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint about prohibition for Hamburg merchants to use the harbours Stappe, Reff, and Grundeforde in the west of Iceland.

15630300HAM01

1563, March

Hamburg

[Hamburg representative Johan Niebur to king Frederick II of Denmark]: request to use the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland on behalf of Hamburg merchant, as thet are not allowed to use the three other harbours nearby.

15630300HAM02

1563, March

Hamburg

[Johan Niebur to king Frederick II of Denmark]: request to sail to the North of Iceland once again to reclaim the many outstanding debts in sulfur, on behalf of Hans Schomaker.

15630302HAM00

1563, March 2

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: letter of consignment for the secretary Johan Niebur.

15630304HAM00

1563, March 4

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: ask permission to use the harbours in the Northwest of Iceland, which the king had forbidden, to reclaim their outstanding debts.

15630318HAM00

1563, before March 18

Hamburg

Crew of skipper Hans Schomaker to king Frederick II of Denmark: relate how they have loaded a load of sulfur in the North of Iceland last year with permission of the governour and on order of Stefan Loitz, and ask the king to allow this.

15630416HAM00

1563, April 16

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: to further their request for permission to sail to the North of Iceland to reclaim outstanding debts in sulfur, Herman Soltow is sent to the king with a list of the debts.

15630424KOL00

Transcript available

1563, April 24

Kolding

King Frederick II of Denmark to the Prince-Elector of Saxony: reports among others that he has forbidden merchants from Hamburg to use certain harbours in Iceland.

15630513ANN00

1563, May 13

Annaberg

Stefan Loitz to Hieronimus Tenner, German chancellor in Denmark: he will send his servant Marcus Heine to discuss the problems with Denmark, and in the meantime asks permission to let one ship sail to Iceland to collect the debts and unsold goods that were left on the island.

15630522ANN00

1563, May 22

Annaberg

Stefan Loitz to [Hieronimus Tenner, German chancellor in Denmark]: wanted to give the king 100.000 daler instead of 3000 guilders annually, but the offer was declined, and sent a small ship to Iceland to collect outstanding debts and return with sulfur to Copenhagen, which will stay in the king's possession until a solution is found, and asks to release the sulfur confiscated by the king in Hamburg, as he was planning to bring it to Copenhagen.

15630907STE00

1563, September 7

Stettin (Szczecin)

Stefan Loitz to king Frederick II of Denmark: regrets the loss of goodwill with the king because of the Icelandic sulfur trade, and sends his servant Marcus Heine to Copenhagen to discuss the matter.

15630929KOB00

Transcript available

1563, September 29

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark renews the sulfur monopoly on behalf of Stefan Loitz, which had led to problems before. The king will form a company for 7 years with the Loitz family, which will send two ships annually to Iceland for sulfur, for which Loitz will provide the merchandise. In return, they will give the king a loan of 60000 daler for 3 years, and the sulfur that was confiscated in Hamburg will be returned to them.

15631100HAM01

1563, November

Hamburg

Hamburg merchants with Reff to Hamburg: request for mediation by queen dowager Dorothea of Denmark for continued permission to use the harbour Reff in Iceland, which they have used for a long time, but which the king had forbidden earlier that year.

15631106LAH00

Transcript available

1563, November 6

Laholm

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: demands to return the confiscated sulfur to Stefan Loitz.

15631124HAM00

1563, November 24

Hamburg

Hamburg to queen dowager Dorothea of Denmark: request for mediation with king Frederick II to allow further sailing to the harbour Reff in Iceland, which he had forbidden before.

15631125HAM00

1563, November 25

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: ask for continued permission to trade in the harbour Reff in Iceland, which the king had forbidden before.

15631205KOL00

1563, December 5

Kolding

Queen dowager Dorothea of Denmark to king Frederick II: request for continued permission for Hamburg merchants to sail to the harbour Reff in Iceland.

15631221KOB00

1563, December 21

Copenhagen

Hans Gronewold to king Frederick II of Denmark: asks for permission to use the harbours Stappe and Grundeforde in Iceland to reclaim his outstanding debts, as Reff is in use by the king's servants.

15640306KOB00

Transcript available

1564, March 6

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: in response to complaints of Bremen merchants about interference in the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland, it is asked not to sail there anymore this sommer. Also complains about deceptive behaviour of Hamburg ships in the Sound.

15640306KOB01

Transcript available

1564, March 6

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: in response to complaints about hindrance by Hamburg merchants in the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland, he has written to the governor in Iceland, and to Hamburg that they should abstain from sailing there this year.

15640324KOB00

Transcript available

1564, March 24

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: permits the refining of the sulfur that was confiscated on behalf of the Loitz family.

15640811KOB00

1564, August 11

Copenhagen

Marcus Heine, servant of the Loitz family, to Hieronimus Tenner, German chancellor in Denmark: asks to lower the amount paid to the king for sulfur exported from Iceland, because it is impossible to get sulfur from Iceland in large amounts, and the price is lowering due to the opening of new sulfur mines in Krakow and Goslar. Also about other themes, including the theft of a load of cannonballs by the Swedes, which was destined for Denmark.

15640902BRE00

1564, September 2

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint about interference of Hamburg merchant Jurgen Borchers in the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland, which is in use by Bremen merchants.

15640913FRE00

Transcript available

1564, September 13

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: in reaction to their complaint about hindrance of Hamburg merchants in the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland, states that he has almost completely forbidden Hamburg to sail to Iceland, and grants them the use of the said harbour.

15640913FRE01

Transcript available

1564, September 13

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to [Joachim] Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: has granted Bremen merchants, who had complained about hindrance by Hamburg merchants in the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland, the use of the said harbour, and almost completely forbade Hamburg merchants to sail to Iceland.

15641128NYB00

Transcript available

1564, November 28

Nyborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Magnus Guldenstiernn: proposes to pay a debt of 4900 daler from a merchant from Danzig with seven lasts of Icelandic sulfur, and orders to acquire from him as many ropes for rigging as he can get.

15641203STE00

1564, December 3

Stettin (Szczecin)

Stefan Loitz to king Frederick II of Denmark: complains that he cannot pay the expected tolls for the Icelandic sulfur trade, because the demand is falling due to the opening of sulfur mines in Germany. The letter also treats other dealings with the Danish king.

15641204NYB00

Transcript available

1564, December 4

Nyborg

King Frederick II of Denmark announces that the Hamburg merchants who have used the harbour Hofsos in Iceland have brought bad merchandise, and therefore grants permisison to merchant Hans Nielsen to sail there instead.

15641221HAM00

Transcript available

1564, December 21

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to a complaint about Hamburg merchants having sailed to the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland, the merchants answer that in none of the king's letters the harbour was explicitly forbidden.

15650109HAM00

Transcript available

1565, January 9

Hamburg

Instruction for Wilhelm Moller and Heinrich von Kruge, who are sent to Denmark to discuss the prohibition to sail to Iceland for Hamburg merchants, in which they state that their merchants have done nothing wrong, and still have many outstanding debts on the island.

15650110HAM00

1565, January 10

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: letter of consignment for the representatives syndicus Wilhelm Muller and councillor Heinrich von Kroge.

15650114REN00

1565, January 14

Rendsburg

Stefan Loitz to king Frederick II of Denmark: asks how to pay the 60.000 daler for the Icelandic trade, among other things. The letter also deals with a horn of a fish which Cordt Blume brought with him from Iceland two years ago.

15650128FRE00

Transcript available

1565, January 28

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to counselors Magnus Gyldenstern, Johan Friis and Borge Trolle: has allowed Hamburg merchants to sail to Iceland again this year, but not to the harbour Hofsas, or to any harbour that is in use by Danish merchants.

15650219MAL00

Transcript available

1565, February 19

Malmö

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Andres Gudske, burgomaster, and Knut Pedersen, secretary in Copenhagen, to trade with the harbour Botsand in Iceland until further notice and to trade with fish oil in the entire sýsla, on the condition that they will not trade sulfur, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15650303HAM00

1565, March 3

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: request to keep sailing to Iceland, among others because of the many outstanding debts.

15650304BYR00

Transcript available

1565, March 4

Börringe

King Frederick II of Denmark to Magnus Guldenstiern: asks among others to conceal the royal sulfur reserves from Stefan Loitz, to grant the royal sulfur refinerer a license for a harbour in Iceland, and informs that he has ordered the royal merchant Hans Nielsen to acquire a ship in Rostock, Lübeck or Hamburg.

15650305BYR00

Transcript available

1565, March 5

Byringe

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Anders Jude from Copenhagen to trade with the harbours Reff and Stappe in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade with sulfur, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15650316BYR00

Transcript available

1565, March 16

Byringe

King Frederick II of Denmark permits his sulfur refiner Gert Bomhofer to trade with the harbours Patresfiord, Billingerwoge, and Tolkefiord in the Westfjords of Iceland, on the condition that he will not trade with sulfur, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15650323KOB00

1565, March 23

Copenhagen

Counselors Magnus Guldenstern, Johan Friis, Birge Trolde, and Herlof Trolde to king Frederick II of Denmark: because of the request of Hamburg merchants to use certain harbours in Iceland, governour Paul Stigsen has compiled a list of harbours in use.

15650405LUN00

Transcript available

1565, April 5

Lund

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: permits the sailing of Hamburg merchants to Iceland the coming summer, to reclaim their outstanding debts, but not to start new commercial activities.

15650811KOB00

1565, August 11

Copenhagen

Bartholomeus Tinappel to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for a license to use the harbours Iseforde and Dureforde, to which Hamburg merchants have sailed with a ship of 70 last before.

15650814KOB00

Transcript available

1565, August 14

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Bartholomeus Tinappel, burgomaster of Lübeck, to trade with the harbour Dyreforde in Iseforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade with sulfur, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15650906BRE00

Transcript available

1565, September 6

Bremen

Ludolf van Varendorp, dean of the cathedral chapter in Bremen, Georg van Helle, Hilmar van Monnickhusen and Adrian van Steinberg to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for licenses for the harbours of Grindewick and Kibbelwick in Iceland on behalf of Herman Schomaker and Herman Knechting, who had sailed there for a long time, but lost their ship during a siege of Bremen, and therefore their trade was taken over by Hamburg merchants.

15651009BRE00

1565, October 9

Bremen

Bremen merchants with Bodenstede to Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: ask for mediation in acquiring a new license to use the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland.

15651212HAM00

1565, December 12

Hamburg

Hamburg merchants with Iceland to king Frederick II of Denmark: request to keep sailing to Iceland, as they could not collect their outstanding debts last summer because they were not allowed to bring any merchandise to Iceland, and so the Icelanders sold their fish to others.

15660212HAM00

1566, February 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: request on behalf of the merchants trading in Iceland to keep trading there.

15660228KOB00

Transcript available

1566, February 28

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark permits counselor Birge Trolle to trade with the harbours Bodenstede and Kummerwage in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15660303FRE00

Transcript available

1566, March 3

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Jochim Wichman from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Haneforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade with sulfur, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15660307STE00

1566, March 7

Stettin

Stefan Loitz to king Frederick II of Denmark: among many other things, complains about the decision that Hans Nielsen should sail to Iceland with his ships from Rostock, because the sulfur trade is supposed to be his monopoly and that this will only create new misunderstandings.

15660328BRE00

1566, March 28

Bremen

Bremen merchants with Kummerwage and Bodenstede to Bremen: request for permission to keep sailing to the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede in Iceland, which according to a letter from governour Magnus Guldenstern have been given to Danes, but which they have used for over 70 years.

15660329BRE01

1566, March 29

Bremen

Bremen merchants with Kummerwage and Bodenstede to Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: ask for mediation to keep sailing to the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede in Iceland, which have recently been given to Danish merchants, but were used for over 70 years by Bremen merchants, and for which ships have already been prepared.

15660330BRE00

1566, March 30

Bremen

Bremen merchants with Kummerwage and Bodenstede to Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter: ask for mediation to keep sailing to the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede in Iceland, which have recently been given to Danish merchants, but were used for over 70 years by Bremen merchants, and for which ships have already been prepared.

15660330BRE01

1566, March 30

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for permission to sail to the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede, which according to a letter from the Icelandic governour have been given to Danish merchants, but for which ships have already been prepared.

15660418KOB00

Transcript available

1566, April 18

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: reply to the request for licenses for the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede in Iceland, that they have been given to Danish citizens. Furthermore about Peter Bolck and Swedish privateers on the North Sea.

15660419STE00

1566, April 19

Stettin

Stefan Loitz to Hieronimus Tenner, German chancellor in Denmark: among many other things, he has heard that Hans Nielsen will sail to Iceland this year, and has sent him the requested commodities he needs for this trip. 40 last flour and 40 last beer will follow.

15660524BRE00

Transcript available

1566, May 24

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to accusations of hosting Swedish privateers in Bremen waters, they answer they have not heard of such thing, and remind the king that they have been driven from most of their harbours in Iceland by Hamburg merchants during the last years, and therefore need protection in the harbours Kummerwage and Bodenstede.

15660617KOB00

Transcript available

1566, June 17

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Henrick Mumme to trade with the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15660627KOB00

Transcript available

1566, June 27

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Marcus Hess, burgomaster of Copenhagen, to trade with the harbour Botsand in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15661006HAM00

1566, October 6

Hamburg

Franz Friese to king Frederick II of Denmark: mentions how he has sailed to Haneforde in Iceland for 30 years, which has been given to the servant of Stefan Loitz now, and requests to sail to Haneforde again, with mediation of the queen dowager.

15661016FLE00

1566, October 16

Flensburg

Queen dowager Dorothea of Denmark to king Frederick II: letter of mediation on behalf of Franz Friese from Hamburg, who requests to sail to Iceland again.

15670129FRE00

Transcript available

1567, January 29

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Christoffer Vogler, scribe of Segeberg castle, to trade with the harbour Dyreforde in Iseforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade sulfur and fish oil, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15670201FRE00

Transcript available

1567, February 1

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: Heinrich Mumme from Copenhagen, who has a license for the harbour Ostforde, complained about interference from Christoffer Meyer from Bremen, and the king asks to refrain from this illegal trade.

15670228BRE00

1567, February 28

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: answer to the complaint of Heinrich Mumme, in which they state that their subjects have sailed to Ostforde in Iceland for 70 years, still have many outstanding debts, and ask for continued permission to sail there.

15670404LUB00

1567, April 4

Lübeck

Margaretha, widow of Bartholomeus Tinappel to Lübeck: request for continued use of a harbour in Iceland for which her deceased husband had a license, and who has served the city of Lubeck and the king of Denmark greatly.

15670406LUB00

1567, April 6

Lübeck

Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for continued use of a harbour in Iceland on behalf of the widow of burgomaster and admiral Barthomoleus Tinappel.

15670504FRE00

1567, May 4

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark announces, that he has sent Copenhagen merchant Hans Nielsen to Germany to buy commodities for the people in Iceland.

15670909KOB00

Transcript available

1567, September 9

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Margarete, Bartholomeus Tinappel's widow, to trade with the harbour Alnfiord in Iceland, on the condition that she will not trade sulfur or fish oil, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15670926BRE00

Transcript available

1567, September 26

Bremen

Instruction for Tyleman Zerneman, who is sent by the Bremen city council to the king of Denmark to ask for reduction of the tolls to be paid for harbours in Iceland because of the bad fish catches of the last year, and licenses for the harbours Bodenstede, Stappe, Kummerwage, and Ostforde, and for reduction of the Sound toll on behalf of the city's Bergen merchants.

15671031AAR00

Transcript available

1567, October 31

Aarhus

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Johan Munsterman from Bremen to trade with the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade sulfur or fish oil, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15671031AAR01

Transcript available

1567, October 31

Aarhus

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Johan Hudeman from Bremen to trade with the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade sulfur or fish oil, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15680130BRE00

1568, January 30

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: repeated complaint about Hamburg merchants, who have a license to trade in the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, but which Bremen merchants have used for more than 60 years, and request to keep using the harbour.

15680304KOB00

Transcript available

1568, March 4

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark to Bremen: forbids Bernd Losekanne to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, after Heinrich Mumme, who holds the license for the said harbour, has complained about Losekanne's interference there.

15680304KOB01

Transcript available

[1568, before March 4]

[Copenhagen]

Heinrich Mumme to king Frederick II of Denmark: complains about Bernd Losekanne from Bremen, who has hindered him once again in the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, even though the king has forbidden him to do so the year before.

15680306LUB00

1568, March 6

Lübeck

Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: declare that Bartholomeus Tinappel's widow had only sailed a ship to Iceland to reclaim her outstanding debts.

15680405BRE00

1568, April 5

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: answer to the prohibition for Bernd Losekanne to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, after complaints of Heinrich Mumme. Also about the Sound toll.

15680522BRE00

1568, May 22

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: in response to the king's answer, the request is repeated for compensation on behalf of Gerd Hemeling for his ship and goods, which were stolen by a Scottish man in Shetland in the previous year.

15690214BRE00

1569, February 14

Bremen

Instruction for Thomas Haverkamp and Tyleman Zerneman, representatives of the city council of Bremen to the Danish king, to discuss among others the Sound toll on behalf of the Bergen merchants and the permission for Bremen merchants to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland.

15690402KOB00

Transcript available

1569, April 2

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark declares that he has permitted Bernd Losekanne from Bremen to sail to Ostforde or Pappie in Iceland, to which Heinrich Mumme has sailed before, under the condition that Mumme can still use the harbour in 1570.

15700329ROS00

Transcript available

1570, March 29

Roskilde

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Christoffer Vogler to trade with the harbour Dyreforde in Iseforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will not trade sulfur and fish oil, trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15701015STE00

1570, October 15

Stettin

Joachim Hinck, dean of the Bremen cathedral chapter, to Danish councillor Peter Oxen: repeated request to help Bremen merchants in Stappe in Iceland against interference of Hamburg merchants, even though Oxen answered that the harbour had already been given to someone else.

15710324FRE00

1571, March 24

Fredriksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to governour Johan Bockholt in Iceland: states that Copenhagen burgomaster Marcus Hes, who let a ship sail to the harbour Botsand in Iceland, has complained about interference of Hamburg merchants there, and asks to not allow this anymore.

15711025FRE00

Transcript available

1571, October 25

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Claus Lude from Bremen to trade with the harbour Grindewick in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15720120NYB00

Transcript available

1572, January 20

Nyborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Copenhagen burgomaster Marcus Hess to trade with sulfur in the harbours Eyeforde, Husewick and Schageforde in Iceland for four years, for which he shall pay 4500 daler and 2 lasts of sulfur annually, and forbids all others to trade in these harbours.

15730420HAM00

Transcript available

1573, April 20

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint of the merchants with Iceland, that they have been forbidden to use three harbours in the North of Iceland, Oyefordt, Husewick and Schagefordt, which are now used by Copenhagen burgomaster Marcus Hess, and that now count Adolf of Schleswig-Holstein is preparing a ship to sail there, under command of Hamburg skipper Herman von Horsten.

15730625GOT00

1573, June 25

Gottorp

Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp to king Frederick II of Denmark: has ordered a ship to sail to Iceland and return to Kiel, and asks to grant the skipper free passage in the Øresund.

15731008BRE00

1573, October 8

Bremen

Bremen to King Frederick II of Denmark: repeated request on behalf of Gerdt Hemeling for compensation of his ship and goods, which were taken from him by a Scottish man in Shetland in 1567.

15731103KOL00

1573, November 3

Koldinghus

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Jochim Thim from Hamburg to trade in the Faroes until further notice, under the condition that he imports commodities of good quality and uses the right weights and measures, but that the Faroese are free to trade with others as well.

15750223GOT00

1575, February 23

Gottorp

Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp to king Frederick II of Denmark: has prepared a ship to sail to Iceland to collect fish and sulfur, and requests passes for free passage in the North and South of Iceland, and in the Øresund.

15761028BRE00

Transcript available

1576, October 28

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: request to renew the license to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland. The license was formerly given to Bernd Losekanne, and should now be transferred to Christoffer Meyer.

15770226STA00

1577, February 26

Stade

Stade to king Frederick II of Denmark: request to sail to Iceland on behalf of Heinrich Michaels and Luder Vake.

15770319HAM00

Transcript available

1577, March 19

Hamburg

Jurgen Timme to Bremen: complaint against the skipper Rolof Gerdes, who was supposed to sail from Hamburg to Iceland with commodities from Holstein and Denmark. Gerdes later changed his mind, although Timme had already bought many commodities, and now asks for compensation.

15770406BUX00

1577, April 6

Buxtehude

Buxtehude to king Frederick II of Denmark: request permission to sail to Iceland, on behalf of their citizens, who have already fitted out a ship and swear that they will not bring goods from Hamburg to Iceland.

15770503FRE00

1577, May 3

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark declares, that he has renewed the license for the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, which was given to Bernd Losekanne before but who has misbehaved, on behalf of Bremen merchant Christoffer Meyer.

15770928GOT00

1577, September 28

Gottorp

Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp to king Frederick II of Denmark: states how he had sailed to Iceland the year before, but was forbidden to do so this year, and therefore almost ran out of stockfish. As merchants from Bremen and Stade have gotten licenses, he requests one for a harbour in Southern Iceland as well.

15771231GOT00

1577, December 31

Gottorp

Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for licenses for two ships for harbours in Southern Iceland, where they have already sailed the summer before.

15791029OLD00

1579, October 29

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Frederik II of Denmark: request to use the harbour Kumbaravogur on Iceland, on behalf of Joachim Kolling.

15791211SKA00

1579, December 11

Skanderborg

King Frederik II of Denmark permits Joachim Kolling to trade in the harbour Kumbaravogur in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15800412BRE00

1580, April 12

[Bremen]

The widow and companions of the deceased Johan Munsterman to Bremen: state that Joachim Kolling has acquired a license for the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland by exploiting their bad luck, since they have lost a ship three times, and therefore were not able to visit the harbour in the last three years, although they have sailed there for over 100 years, and that therefore Kolling has no right to trade there.

15800709KOL00

1580, July 9

Koldinghus

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hans Lindenov, commander of Bergenhus: has been informed that a citizen from Hamburg has traded illegally in the Faroes, and orders the Bergen citizen who currently has a license for the Faroese trade [Magnus Heinason] to take him prisoner and bring his ship to Bergen, where his case shall be judged upon.

15801116OLD00

Transcript available

1580, November 16

Oldenburg

Joachim Kolling declares, that he has received a license to use the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland from the king of Denmark with help from count John VII of Oldenburg, and that he has fitted out a ship together with 16 ship owners, and will behave like an honest merchant.

15810216SKA00

1581, February 16

Skanderborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Christoffer Valkendorff: after the Faroes have been given to Copenhagen citizens, the previous license holder Magnus Heinason has come to him and complained about the difficulties he had because of illegal competition from a merchant from Hamburg, whom he had captured and taken to Bergen, and therefore he still had many outstanding debts on the islands. As he has been an honest citizen, he should keep his license for the Faroes. Also about illegal sailings of men from Holland.

15810217SKA00

1581, February 17

Skanderborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Christoffer Valckendorff: has received the complaints of the Faroese about a lack of imported commodities, whereupon Magnus Heinason has excused himself for arriving to the islands too late after the Hamburg merchants, and that the need cannot have been so high since he left a large quantity of flour on the islands the year before.

15810408KOL00

1581, April 8

Koldinghus

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hans Lindenov, commander of Bergenhus: after the goods on board of the confiscated ship from Hamburg in the Faroes have been sent to Copenhagen, the sailors should receive their own personal property back.

15810408KOL01

1581, April 8

Koldinghus

King Frederick II of Denmark to Christoffer Valckendorff: has decided to give half of the goods back that were confiscated from a Hamburg ship that was illegally in the Faroes and taken to Bergen, and requests to send them to Hamburg as soon as they arrive in Copenhagen.

15811027FRE00

1581, October 27

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Christoffer Valckendorff: Jochim Thim, the royal factor in Hamburg, who has a license to trade in the Faroes, has appeared before the king together with Magnus Heinason, who held a license before and would like to keep it. Because the Faroese have often complained about the lack of ships and imported commodities, it is decided to let them share a license, together with a citizen from Copenhagen.

15811028NEU00

1581, October 21

Neuhaus

Prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for a license to use a certain harbour in Iceland on behalf of Clawes Stein from Bremen.

15811101FRE00

1581, November 1

Frederiksborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Jochim Thim from Hamburg, Magnus Heinason from Bergen and Jörgen Kyd from Copenhagen to trade exclusively in the Faroes for five years, on the condition that they trade with commodities of good quality and bring the taxes and levies to Copenhagen.

15820000BRE00

[1582]

[Bremen]

[Bremen to prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen]: complaint about interference of Hamburg merchants Simon Schmidt and Matthias Eggers in the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, which Berndt Losekanne and Christoffer Meyer have used for over 80 years.

15820118BRE00

1582, January 18

Bremen

Heinrich Salomon, Christoffer Meyer and Bernd Losekanne to prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen: ask for help in protection against Hamburg competitors in the harbours Ost- and Horneforde, for which they have a license from the king.

15820202BRE00

1582, February 2

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: complaint about interference of Hamburg merchants in the harbours Ost- and Horneforde and other places in Iceland, and ask the king to prevent this.

15820213BRE00

1582, February 13

Bremen

Hinrich Salomon, Dietrich Vasmer, and Evert Hoveman to king Frederick II of Denmark: complain about interference of Oldenburg and Hamburg in the harbour Neswage in Iceland, and ask for protection of their rights there.

15820226FUR00

1582, February 26

Fürstenau

Prince- archbishop Henry III of Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: requests to prohibit Hamburg merchants to use the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, which they do in spite of the license that Bremen merchants Christoffer Meyer, Johan Wiggers, and Bernd Losekanne have for the place.

15830906BRV00

1583, September 6

Bremervörde

Prince-archbishop Henry III of Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: reminds him that he promised to see if the harbour Reff in Iceland was available, and if not if the king can grant permission to use Neswage in the meantime, until Reff becomes available.

15840111HAV00

Transcript available

1584, January 11

Havreballegård?

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: has decided to give Paul Lindeman, who has traded illegally in Iceland, half of the confiscated property back on his request, and warns other Hamburg merchants that it is illegal to trade in harbours without having a license.

15840130SKA00

1584, January 30

Skanderborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Christoffer Valckendorff: Joen Heinesson, formerly lawman of the Faroes, has complained that he has been removed from his office without reason, and his brother Mogens Heinesson, who has the trade privilege in the Faroes for five years together with Jörgen Kyd from Copenhagen and Jochim Thim from Hamburg, was accused of having traded with false measures and weights, of which he claims to be innocent. Valckendorff is asked to inform about the matter.

15840213SKA00

Transcript available

1584, February 13

Skanderborg

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: has received the request of the Hamburg merchants with Iceland, and has sent it on to royal councillor Christoff Walckendorff.

15840411HAD00

1584, April 11

Haderslev

King Frederick II of Denmark to Christoffer Valckendorff: Jochim Thinne from Hamburg has complained that his five-year license to trade with the Faroes was cancelled, which was not his fault, but because of missteps of his brother-in-law, and asks Valckendorff, who knows the situation the best, to reconsider the cancellation of the trading license.

15850215KOB00

Transcript available

1585, February 15

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark to Hamburg: declares that, according to the declarations of Copenhagen in 1562, and Flensburg in 1579, Hamburg merchants are prohibited from sailing to Iceland without a valid license, just like anyone else, and that the king is not obliged to issue a license, although generally he is willing to do so.

15850318KRO00

1585, March 18

Kronborg

King Frederik II of Denmark permits count John VII of Oldenburg to trade with the harbour Kummerwage in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15850318KRO01

1585, March 18

Kronborg

King Frederik II of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: the request for prolonged use of the harbour Kummerwage is granted. The harbours Neswage and Grundeforde, however, have already been given to the archbishop of Bremen, but will be given to Oldenburg when they will become available.

15850617KOB00

1585, June 17

Copenhagen

King Frederik II of Denmark permits count John VII of Oldenburg to trade with the harbours Neswage and Grundeforde in Iceland until further notice, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15850816JEV00

1585, August 16

Jever

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: answer to the license for the harbours Neswage and Grundeforde, which the count has gladly received, and the state of his relations with the Bremen cathedral chapter, which is electing a new bishop.

15851124HAM00

[1585, after November 24]

[Hamburg]

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: answer to the king's resolution about the Icelandic trade, in which they thank him for that, and ask for privileged treatment of Hamburg merchants in Iceland, and the right to sail with two small ships annually to northern Iceland.

15851124KOB00

Transcript available

1585, November 24

Copenhagen

King Frederick II of Denmark confirms the rights of the Hamburg merchants in Iceland according to the resolutions of Copenhagen in 1562, and Flensburg in 1579, in which they are forbidden to trade with sulfur, are obliged to acquire a written license from the king, and have to allow others to trade there as well.

15860121KRO00

1586, January 21

Kronborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Hans van Delmenhorst from Lübeck to trade with the harbour Holm in Iceland for ten more years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15860219KRO00

1586, February 19

Kronborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland for four years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15860219KRO01

1586, February 19

Kronborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Bartelt Elers and Cordt Tacke from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Iseforde in Iceland for four years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15860219KRO02

1586, February 19

Kronborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Ratke Timmerman from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Schagestrand in Iceland for four years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15860222KRO00

1586, February 22

Kronborg

King Frederick II of Denmark permits Jochim Wichmand from Hamburg and Oluf Maddsön from Copenhagen to trade exclusively in the Faroes for ten years, on the condition that they trade with commodities of good quality and bring the taxes and levies to Copenhagen.

15870823RYE00

1587, August 23

Rye

King Frederick II of Denmark issues a new ten-years license for the Faroese trade for Jochim Wichmand, the royal factor in Hamburg and Oluf Matssön from Copenhagen, after the previous one was lost when Wichmand's ship wrecked in the Elbe near Hamburg.

15871109HAM00

1587, November 9

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Frederick II of Denmark: request renewal of the licenses for the harbours Wapenforde, Grindewick and Ostfriedenes in Iceland, on behalf of Paul Lindeman, Bernd Osthof and Jochim Focke, which they had for two years before, as well as a new license for Dureshave and Rodershave in Langenes, which have become free, on behalf of Jochim Warneke.

15871220BRE00

1587, December 20

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for a new license for the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland on behalf of Johan Hudeman and Evert Schroder, because the old license was lost when their ship was attacked by English pirates.

15871231BRE00

Transcript available

1587, December 31

Bremen

Bremen to king Frederick II of Denmark: describe how a ship coming back from Iceland to Bremen, which among others had stockfish on board destined for the king, was attacked by English pirates near Shetland. Now it has become clear that the ship is on the Isle of Man, support of the king is requested in retrieving it.

15880103XXX00

1588, January 3

Anonymous to king Frederick II of Denmark: Claus Jacobsen from Flensburg has asked for a license for Wapenforde, which is currently in use by Paul Lindeman from Hamburg, but the king would be better off giving it to his own subject. Furthermore, Hamburg merchants are hindering Bremen merchants in two harbours, and are trying to establish a monopoly on trading in Iceland.

15880315ANT00

1588, March 15

Antvorskov

King Frederick II of Denmark appoints Mats Baltzerssön as governor and secretary of the Faroes, where he has to control the measures and weights used by the royal factor Jochim Wichmand from Hamburg, inspect the use of royal funds for the school and the hospital, and is not allowed to trade to such a degree that might hinder Wichmand's business.

15881228KOB00

1588, December 28

Copenhagen

Danish treasurer Christoffer Valckendorff declares, that he allows Ambrosius Loring and Bernd Salfeld from Hamburg to trade in the harbours Stappe and Reff for one more year because the Council of the Realm has not met, but that they should request a proper renewal of their license next year.

15890500HAM00

1589, May

Hamburg

Peter Lutkens, Peter Kruse and Paul Cordes to Hamburg: a previous request for a license for the harbour Bereforde in Iceland was not granted, because the Council of the Realm did not meet. Now the license is requested again, including an extension to the neighbouring harbour Dupwage, which has been used by Bremen merchants.

15890512HAM00

1589, May 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for a license to use the harbour Bereforde in Iceland on behalf of Peter Lutkens, Peter Kruse, and Paul Cordes, and a license for the harbour Dupwage, which will become free this year.

15890512HAM02

1589, May 12

Hamburg

Cordt Basse, Hans Hering and Hans Schomaker to Hamburg: repeated request for the renewal of their license for the harbour Dureshave in Langenes in Iceland.

15890610KOB00

1589, June 10

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Cordt Basse, Hans Hering and Hans Schomaker from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Dureshave in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15890620KOB00

1589, June 20

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Daniel Elers from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Bernforde in Iceland, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights. Renovated for three years in October 1594.

15890704HAM00

1589, July 4

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for a license for the harbour Bardestrandtsyssel in Iceland, on behalf of Peter Lutkens, Paul Cordes and Peter Kruse.

15890704HAM01

1589, July 4

Hamburg

Peter Lutkens, Paul Cordes, and Peter Kruse to Hamburg: as their request for a license for the harbour Bernforde in Iceland was declined because it was already given to another Hamburg merchant, they now request a license for Flatto in Bardestrandssyssel, which has been used since 1586 by Carsten Bake from Bremen, but has now become free.

15890822HAM01

1589, August 22

Hamburg

Bernd Osthof to Hamburg: request for the renewal of his license for the harbour Grindewick in Iceland, which he had acquired in 1588.

15890826HAM00

1589, August 26

Hamburg

Peter Sivers to Hamburg: request for a license for the harbours Holm and Schagestrand in Iceland. The former was used previously by Hans Delmenhorst from Hamburg, who has shipwrecked, whereby Sivers also lost a lot. The latter was formerly used by Ratke Timmerman, but is now free.

15890826HAM01

1589, August 26

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for licenses for the harbours Holm in the south, and Schagestrand in the north of Iceland, on behalf of Peter Sivers.

15890906BRE01

1589, September 6

Bremen

Bremen merchants with Iceland to Bremen: request for mediation in renewing their licenses for Icelandic harbours: Marten Losekanne in Ostforde, Johan Hudeman in Bodenstede, Carsten Bake in Flatto, and Johan Schroder in Wattlose, plus a license for Neswage on behalf of Evert Hoveman, which is currently owned by Oldenburg but where there has not been a ship last year.

15890907BRE00

1589, September 7

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the licenses for Bremen citizens, which were issued by Frederick II, and which have ended in this year, and also for the harbour Neswage, which is in use by Oldenburg.

15890912EUT00

1589, September 12

Eutin

Prince-archbishop John Adolf of Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Flatto in Iceland on behalf of Carsten Bake from Bremen.

15890915EUT00

1589, September 15

Eutin

Prince-archbishop John Adolf of Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of licenses for the harbours Ostforde, Bodenstede, Flatto and Watlose in Iceland on behalf of Marten Losekanne, Johan Hudeman, Johan Schroder and Carsten Bake from Bremen, as well as a new license for the harbour Neswage on behalf of Everdt Hoveman.

15890925KOB00

1589, September 25

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Pall Jonsson from Iceland to trade with the harbour Flatey in Iceland for four years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15890926KOB00

1589, September 26

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Martin Losekanne from Bremen to trade with the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15891030LUB00

1589, October 30

Lübeck

Lübeck to king Frederick II of Denmark: request for continued use of the harbour Holm in Iceland on behalf of Anna, the widow of Hans van Delmenhorst.

15891108HAM00

1589, November 8

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: Ambrosius Loring has formerly requested a renewal of licenses for the harbours Reff and Stappe, for himself and on behalf of Bernd Salfeld. Since the latter has recently acquired his license for Reff, a new license for Stappe on behalf of Loring is now requested.

15891110HAM00

1589, November 10

Hamburg

Bartelt Elers and Cordt Tacke to Hamburg: request a renewal of their license for the harbour Iseforde in Schiffelforde in Iceland.

15891110HAM01

1589, November 10

Hamburg

Hans von Hutlen to Hamburg: request for a renewal of his license for the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland.

15891112HAM00

1589, November 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish Council of the Realm: request to renew the license for the harbour Iseforde in Schiffelforde in Iceland on behalf of Bartelt Elers and Cordt Tacke.

15891112HAM01

1589, November 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland, on behalf of Hans von Hutlen.

15891203KOB00

1589, December 3

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15891203KOB01

1589, December 3

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Bartelt Elers and Cordt Tacke from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Iseforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15891203KOB02

1589, December 3

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Ambrosius Loring from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Stappe in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15891206HAM00

1589, December 6

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for the renewal of licenses in Iceland on behalf of Hans von Kleve, Matthias Eggers, Jurgen Schinckel, and for the harbour Schagestrand, formerly issued to Ratke Timmerman, on behalf of Peter Sivers.

15891206HAM01

1589, December 6

Hamburg

Hans von Kleve, Matthias Eggers, Jurgen Schinckel and Peter Sivers to Hamburg: request for prolongation of their licenses for the harbours Patersforde, Hoffaus, Botsand and Schagestrand in Iceland. The latter was formerly issued to Ratke Timmerman, but he does not want to sail there anymore, so it is requested that his license will be transferred to Peter Sivers.

15891206HAM02

1589, December 6

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for a license to use the harbour Reff in Iceland on behalf of Hans Hase. A license is held by Bernd Salfeld at the time, but it is stated that the harbour can be used by two ships.

15900102HAM00

1590, January 2

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish Council of the Realm: request for a prolongation of the license for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland, on behalf of Paul Lindeman, who has sailed to the harbour for 25 years, but now the license has been mistakingly given to Bremen merchant Marten Losekanne, who has always traded in Bredeforde in the same district.

15900128KOB00

1590, January 28

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Georg Schinckel from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Botsand in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15900129KOB00

1590, January 29

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Peter Sivers from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Schagestrand in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15900129KOB01

1590, January 29

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Kleve from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Watnow in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15900129KOB02

1590, January 29

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans Hase from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Reff in Iceland for three years. The harbour is already in use by Berndt Salfeld, but it is claimed that they can sail there with two ships. Due to uncertainty about the situation, however, the license is cancelled until further notice.

15900228BRE00

Transcript available

1590, February 28

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to change the license of Marten Losekanne for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland to Ostforde. It is claimed that a mistake was made in the license, as Losekanne and his predecessors have used the Ostforde for 80 years, whereas Wapenforde has been in use by Hamburg merchant Paul Lindeman for 20 years.

15900308KOB00

1590, March 8

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Joachim Focke from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Ostfriedenes or Hoddenforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15900412KRO00

1590, April 12

Kronborg

The German chancery of Denmark confirms having received a letter from Bremen, in which it is requested to change the license for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland to Ostforde, on behalf of Marten Losekanne.

15900817KOL00

1590, August 17

Koldinghus

King Christian IV of Denmark to treasurer Enevold Kruse: has heard that councillor Oluf Matssen from Copenhagen, who held a trading license for the Faroes together with Joachim Wichmand from Hamburg, has unrightfully rented out this license, and therefore it is asked to invite Wichmand and one or two citizens from Copenhagen so that a new license can be issued.

15901014BRE00

1590, October 14

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: repeated request to change the name for the license of Wapenforde in Iceland to Ostforde, on behalf of Martin Losekanne. Also a new request for a license for Klevesohe in Lon on behalf of Friedrich Tilebare. The harbour has not been used before, but its inhabitants have been trading with the Bremen merchants in Ostforde.

15901103KOL00

1590, November 3

Kolding

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Martin Losekanne from Bremen to trade with the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for four years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15901104KOL00

1590, November 4

Kolding

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Luder Otersen from Lübeck to trade with the harbours Orbackhaffe and Torlakshaffe in Iceland for three years, which were used before by Herman Wegener from Hamburg for Ottersen.

15901104KOL01

1590, November 4

Kolding

Johan Oldenbuttel from Bremen declares on behalf of Friedrich Tilebare, who has a license for the harbour Klevesohe in Lon in Iceland for four years, that the license will become invalid if it is given to someone else.

15901105KOL00

1590, November 5

Kolding

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans Holtgreve from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Haneforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15901221HAM00

1590, December 21

Hamburg

Pawel Barnefeld to Hamburg: request for mediation with the Danish king for a license to use the harbour Strome in the South of Iceland, which has been used by Hamburg merchants before, but is now not in use.

15901222HAM00

1590, December 22

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish Council of the Realm: request for a license to use the harbour Strome in the South of Iceland, on behalf of Pawel Barnefeld.

15910000BRE00

Transcript available

1591

Bremen

Summary of the petitions and complaints of Hamburg and Bremen merchants regarding the conflict between Daniel Elers from Hamburg and Marten Losekanne from Bremen about the harbours Ostforde and Bernforde in Iceland.

15910507KOB00

1591, May 7

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark to Bremen: states that Daniel Elers from Hamburg and governour Lorentz Kruse on Iceland have come to him and complained about the presence of Marten Losekanne from Bremen in Elers's harbour in Iceland, and asks Losekanne therefore to refrain from further use of the harbour.

15910911BRE00

1591, September 11

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Stappe in Iceland on behalf of Dietmar Kenckel, which was held before by his father.

15911000XXX00

Transcript available

1591, after September 29

Cordt Walleman to king Christian IV of Denmark: said that he went to Copenhagen to bring the request of Dietmar Kenckel, the factor of Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Lüneburg, to use the harbour Stappe, to the Council of the Realm. As it appeared that this harbour was already in use by someone else, Walleman requests a license for Durholmer in the east, which was never used by anyone, on Kenckels behalf.

15911123KOB00

1591, November 23

Copenhagen

[King Christian IV of Denmark] permits Joachim Wichmann from Hamburg to sail once more to the Faroes to collect his goods and outstanding debts, after he has ended his license for the Faroese trade.

15911200GOT00

1591, December

Gottorf

Prince-archbishop John Adolf of Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: asks on behalf of Bremen merchants to protect their interests in the harbour Ostforde in Iceland and to forbid the Hamburg merchants from sailing there.

15911205BRE00

1591, December 5

Bremen

Marten Losekanne and Johan Oldenbuttel to prince-archbishop John Adolf of Bremen: complain that they have used the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for over 80 years, and now Daniel Elers from Hamburg has received a license for the harbour Bernforde, which is in fact the same harbour, and ask for mediation at the Danish court.

15911205BRE02

1591, December 5

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: letter of consignment for secretary Daniel Bisterfeldt, who will come to discuss matters on behalf of the merchants with Iceland.

15920000HAM00

1592

Hamburg

Matthias Eggers to the Danish council of the Realm: request for renewal of his license for the harbour Hofsos in Iceland, for six years.

15920104KOB00

1592, January 4

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Marten Losekanne from Bremen to trade with the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for four years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15920112HAM00

1592, January 12

Hamburg

Laurens Schroder to Hamburg: request for a license for the harbour Ruteforde, west of Schagestrand, in Iceland, of which bishop Gudbrand Turlaksson and lawman Jon Jonson have told him it is free.

15920115HAM00

1592, January 15

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Ruteforde in Iceland, on behalf of Laurens Schroder.

15920223HAM00

1592, February 23

Hamburg

Heinrich Moller to Hamburg: request for a license for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland, which was formerly held by Paul Lindeman, but he was attacked by pirates in two consecutive years, and could not get to Iceland because of storm in 1591, after which Moller went there instead.

15920226HAM00

1592, February 26

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the licenses for the harbours Wapenforde and Dureshave in Langenes in Iceland on behalf of Cordt Basse, Hans Schomaker, Hans Hering, and Hans Lindeman. It is also requested to merge the two licenses, as it is better to sail there with one large ship than with two small ones, for protection against pirates.

15920226HAM01

1592, February 26

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland, on behalf of Heinrich Moller.

15920307HAM00

1592, March 7

Hamburg

Peter Sivers to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of his license for the harbour Schagestrand in Iceland, and protection of his business against Laurens Schroder, who was in his service for two years, and then acquired his own license for Ruteforde, which is so close to Schagestrand that it can be considered the same harbour.

15920310HAM00

1592, March 10

Hamburg

Cillie Lindeman, wife of Paul Lindeman, to the Danish council of the Realm: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Wapenforde, which was in use by her father, and after his death by her husband for one year, and afterwards shall be combined with the license for Dureshave in Langeneß on behalf of her son Hans Lindeman and his companions Cordt Basse, Hans Schomaker and Hans Hering.

15920324KOB00

1592, March 24

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Cordt Basse, Hans Hering and Hans Schomaker from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Dureshave in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15920519KOB00

1592, May 19

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Johan Hudeman and Friederich Koster from Bremen to trade with the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15920617KOB00

1592, June 17

Copenhagen

[King Christian IV of Denmark] to treasurer Enevold Kruse: Jochim Weichman from Hamburg has died, leaving a debt of 4548 daler to the Danish crown, which shall be reduced to 1000 daler because of his long services as Danish factor and the losses he made in the trade with the Faroes.

15920909HAM00

1592, September 9

Hamburg

Ambrosius Loring to Hamburg: request for a renewal of his license for the harbour Stappe in Iceland.

15920912HAM00

1592, September 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to the Danish council of the Realm: request for a renewal of the license for the harbour Stappe in Iceland on behalf of Ambrosius Loring.

15921001ANT00

1592, October 1

Antvorskov

King Christian IV of Denmark renews the permission for Ambrosius Loring from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Stappe in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15921018HAM00

1592, October 18

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request renewal of the license for the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland, on behalf of Hans von Hutlen.

15921019HAM00

1592, October 19

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: accompanying letter to extensive complaints against fishing and trading activities of the English in Iceland, and request to prohibit them from visiting Iceland.

15921019HAM01

1592, October 19

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for the renewal of the license for the harbour Botsand in the south of Iceland on behalf of Reimer Ratkens. The license was previously issued to his deceased companion Jurgen Schinckel.

15921022HAM00

1592, October 22

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to renew the license for the harbour Grindewick in Iceland, which was issued in 1589 to Bernd Osthof, on behalf of his companion Paul Barnefeld.

15921029HAM00

1592, October 29

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Iseforde in Iceland on behalf of Bartelt Elers and Roleff Eis, who have suffered greatly from English interference recently.

15921208HAM00

1592, December 8

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Ostfriedenes or Hoddenforde in Iceland on behalf of Jochim Focke, or a license for the harbour Rodeforde, because two Bremen merchants have interfered with his business on multiple occasions.

15930101KOB00

1593, January 1

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Bartelt Elers and Roleff Eis from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Iseforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15930101KOB01

1593, January 1

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Reimer Ratkens from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Botsand in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15930101KOB02

1593, January 1

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Kleve from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Watnow in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15930102KOB00

1593, January 2

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Jochim Focke from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Ostfriedenes or Hoddenforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15930103BRE00

1593, January 3

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbours Neswage and Kummerwage, which have not been used for two years, on behalf of Carsten Bake, who has traded in Iceland for a long time in different harbours, as well as his father.

15930116HAM00

1593, January 16

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Iseforde in Iceland, on behalf of Bartelt Elers and Roleff Eis, who have suffered greatly from English interference recently, and sail with two ships, so two copies of the license are requested.

15930302KOB00

1593, March 2

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Peter Sivers from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Schagestrand in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights. Changed to Jurgen Vilter after Sivers's death.

15930302KOB01

1593, March 2

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15930427KOB00

1593, April 27

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Carsten Bake from Bremen to trade with the harbours Neswage and Lando in Iceland for three years. After expiration of the license, the harbour will be given to the count of Oldenburg again.

15930904BRE00

Transcript available

1593, September 4

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a prolongation of the license for the harbour Flatto in Iceland, which was formerly given to Pall Jonsson for four years, on behalf of Bremen citizen Bernd Jonsson, who was born in Iceland.

15931009KOL00

1593, October 9

Kolding

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Berndt Jonson from Bremen to trade with the harbour Flatto in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights. In 1596, after Jonson's death, the harbour was given to Danish subjects.

15931024HAM00

1593, October 24

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a renewal of the two licenses for the harbour Haneforde in Iceland, on behalf of skippers Hans Holtgreve and Hans Jaspers, and their shipowners Wichman Berman, Otto Ebeling, Jacob Hambrock and Matthias Poppe.

15940827OLD00

1594, August 27

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about interference of Bremen merchant Hans Honne in Neswage, where he supposedly destroyed the Oldenburg booths and built his own, and interfered with the trade of Oldenburg skipper Claus Koch when he arrived there. The first part of the letter concerns the Oldenburg possession of the land of Jever.

15940901HOF00

1594, September 1

Hof (Vopnafjörður)

Priest Oddur Torkilsson to king Christian IV of Denmark: complains how the poor people of Vopnafjörður are dependent on the German traders, and therefore asks permission for a ship to sail to Þorshöfn in Langanes.

15941022OLD00

1594, October 22

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to the king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about the license given by Carsten Bake to Bremen merchants for the harbour Neswage in Iceland for three years. Although the count has never officially asked for renewal of the Oldenburg license after the previous king's death, his merchants have always behaved themselves well, and he sees no reason to give the harbour to Bremen.

15941104HAM00

1594, November 4

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license to use the harbour Dureshave in Iceland on behalf of Cordt Basse and Hans Hering, and a license for the harbour Wapenforde on behalf of Basse, Hering and Jacob Winock.

15941120FRE00

1594, November 20

Frederiksborg

King Christian IV of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: the count should have been more concerned with the situation in Iceland in the past. Now the license for the harbour Neswage has been given to Bremen and cannot be made undone, but if the count will request a new license after the current license expires, the king will gladly grant it to him.

15950219HAM00

1595, February 19

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Dureshave or Rodeforde in Iceland on behalf of Heinrich Moller, who has sailed for many years to Iceland before.

15950703HAM00

1595, July 3

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Schavenforde in Iceland, on behalf of Albert Sivers, who has sailed there for many years, and the oldest son of Matthias Eggers, who drowned in the Elbe recently.

15950730HAG00

1595, July 30

Haganes (Mývatn)

Sheriff Vigfus Þorsteinsson of Þingeyrarþing to king Christian IV of Denmark and the Council of the Realm: complains how the poor people cannot get to the Danish ship in Eyeforde because it is too far away and they have no horses, and therefore asks permission for Joachim Focke to sail with a ship of 40 lasts to Þorshöfn.

15950822HAM00

1595, August 22

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Hofsos in Iceland on behalf of Hans Eggers, the eldest son of the deceased Matthias Eggers, who drowned in the Elbe this year. Matthias's companion Albert Sivers sent a request as well.

15950901BRE00

1595, September 1

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for continuation of the license for the harbour Bodenstede in Iceland on behalf of Johan Hudeman and Cordt Walleman, which was formerly held by Hudeman and Friedrich Koster, but the latter is now sailing to Neswage, for which a continuation is requested as well.

15951001HAM00

1595, October 1

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Stappe in Iceland on behalf of Ambrosius Loring.

15951002HAM00

1595, October 2

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Botsandt in Iceland on behalf of Reimer Ratkens.

15951116BRE00

1595, November 16

Bremen

Skipper Johan Oldenbuttel, Marten Losekanne, Johan Reineken's widow and children to Bremen: request for a prolongation of the four-year license for the harbour Ostforde in Iceland.

15951118HAM00

1595, November 18

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Grindewick on behalf of Hans Steinkamp. As the license was also issued to Paul Barnefeld, who is currently not using the harbour, Bernd Osthoff also made a request earlier this year, but he will then have a part in Steinkamp's ship.

15951125HAM00

1595, November 25

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland, on behalf of Hans von Hutlen.

15951125HAM01

1595, November 25

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a renewal of the license for the harbour Iseforde in Iceland on behalf of Bartelt Elers and Roleff Eis, who sail there with two ships, as well as an extension to Alteforde, which is currently not in use and where the inhabitants have complained that they have to travel so far to Iseforde.

15951125HAM02

1595, November 25

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Schagestrandt on behalf of Peter Sivers's widow and Jurgen Vilters.

15951202BRE00

1595, December 2

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request a renewal of the license for the harbour Ostforde in Iceland on behalf of Johan Oldenbuttel, Marten Losekanne, and Johan Reineken's widow and children.

15951210AAR00

1595, December 10

Aarhus

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Kibbelwick in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15960000BRE00

1596

Bremen

Hans Honne of Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: after he has requested a license for the harbour Flattoh in Iceland, which was refused because it was already given to citizens of Copenhagen, he now requests a license for Grindeforde or Landoh, which have not been used for fifteen years.

15960102SKA00

1596, January 2

Skanderborg

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Johan Oldenbuttel, Marten Losekanne (later changed to Johan and Friedrich Wilkens) and Johan Reineke's widow from Bremen to trade with the harbour Ostforde in Iceland for three years.

15960123HAM00

1596, January 23

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Watnow in Iceland, on behalf of Hans and Claus von Kleve, father and son.

15960219OLD00

1596, February 19

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license to use the harbours Grundeforde, Kummerwage, and Neswage in Iceland, after the license for Neswage given to Bremen merchants by Carsten Bake expires.

15960309HAM00

1596, March 9

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Ostfriedenes or Hoddenforde on behalf of Joachim Focke.

15960329FRE00

1596, March 29

Frederiksborg

King Christian IV of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: permits him to use the harbours Neswage and Kummerwage in Iceland, but not the harbour Grundeforde, as was requested, as this harbour was not used by Oldenburg before and has therefore been licensed to John Adolf, archbishop of Bremen.

15960401KOB00

1596, April 1

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Jochim Focke from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Ostfriedenes or Hoddenforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15960401KOB01

1596, April 1

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits count John VII of Oldenburg to trade with the harbours Kummerwage and Neswage in Iceland for three years.

15960401KOB02

Transcript available

1596, April 1

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Jochim Vocken from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Langenese in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights, and grants him safe passage in Danish waters.

15960419OLD00

1596, April 19

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: sends the king two horses, and thanks him for the license for the harbours Kummerwage and Neswage in Iceland, as well as for his help in the Oldenburg claims in Kniphausen, and expresses his regret in not acquiring a license for Grundeforde, which he has had before.

15961022HAM00

1596, October 22

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the two licenses for the harbour Haneforde in Iceland for six years, on behalf of Hans Holtgreve and Joachim Hare, companion of the deceased Hans Jaspers.

15961224HAM00

1596, December 24

Hamburg

Joachim Terminau to king Christian IV of Denmark: because of his good services as a translator at the marriage of Christian's sister with the Scottish king, the Council of the Realm promised him the use of a harbour in Iceland. Therefore, as Berndt Salfeldt died a few days ago, a license for his harbour Reff is requested.

15970114HAM00

1597, January 14

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: repeated request for renewal of the two licenses for the harbour Haneforde in Iceland for six years, on behalf of Hans Holtgreve and Joachim Hare, companion of the deceased Hans Jaspers.

15970118HAM00

1597, January 18

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Hellesandt in Iceland on behalf of Herman Beverborch.

15970311OLD00

1597, March 11

Oldenburg

Count Johan of Oldenburg to Heinrich Ramel, royal Danish privy councillor: besides a request to buy corn in Denmark, the count complains about Bremen merchants in Iceland, who use the harbour Neswage under the name Stickingsholm with the support of sheriff Carsten Bake, damaging the Oldenburg trade there, and demands that the king forbids this.

15970318KOB00

1597, March 18

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans Holtgreve from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Haneforde in Iceland for one year, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15970318KOB01

1597, March 18

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Joachim Harre from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Haneforde in Iceland for one year, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15970322OLD00

1597, March 22

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to Christian Friese, Danish privy counselor: besides a request for the permission to buy rye in Denmark, the count complains about Bremen merchants, who use the harbour Neswage in Iceland under the name Stickingsholm with support of sheriff Carsten Bake, damaging the Oldenburg trade there, and asks for his help in negotiating the matter with the king.

15970322OLD01

1597, March 22

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: besides a request for permission to buy rye in Denmark, the count complains about Bremen merchants, who use the harbour Neswage in Iceland under the name Stickingsholm with support of governour Carsten Bake, damaging the Oldenburg trade there, and asks once again for royal support in the matter.

15970418KRO00

1597, April 18

Kronborg

King Christian IV of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: besides declaring that the prohibition on Danish export of rye will remain, he mentions to have sent the city council of Bremen a letter in which he asks them to stop their activities in the harbour Stickingsholm in Iceland, and to send back their license.

15971005HAM00

1597, October 5

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the two licenses for the harbour Haneforde in Iceland on behalf of Joachim Hare and Hans Holtgreve.

15971115ITZ00

1597, November 15

Itzehoe

Hans Elers to Augustus Erich, secretary of the German chancery of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Ruteforde in Iceland, which has never been licensed to anyone, or else Dureshave, for which Hamburg has a license, but which they haven't used yet.

15980107HAD00

1598, January 7

Haderslev

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Luder Ottersen from Lübeck to trade with the harbour Orbackhaffe in Iceland for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15980117HAD00

1598, January 17

Haderslev

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Cordt Basse, Hans Hering and Jacob Winock from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Wapenforde in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15980117HAD01

1598, January 17

Haderslev

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Cordt Basse and Hans Hering from Hamburg to trade with the harbour Dureshave in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15980128VIB00

1598, January 28

Viborg

Niels Busk to Augustus Erik, secretary of the German chancery of Denmark: writes that he and his shipowners want to keep the harbour Flatto in Iceland, which Frederick Leyel from Helsingør does not want to give up, and ask for information from a man from Bremen.

15980620HAM00

before 1598, June 20

Hamburg

Joachim Menges to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Bereforde in Iceland, on behalf of Jacob Fincken from Flensburg, who was merchant in the service of the deceased Hamburg merchant Daniel Elers, who held the previous license. Also a request to write to England for measures against Welshman Peter Maar, who interfered with their business in Iceland.

15980620KOB00

1598, June 20

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Jacob Fincken from Flensburg to trade with the harbour Bereforde in Iceland, which was formerly used by the deceased Daniel Elers from Hamburg, for three years, on the condition that he will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15980623HAM00

1598, June 23

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Grindewick in Iceland on behalf of Bernd Osthoff to the Danish king. Osthoff had used the harbour before, and afterwards Paul Barnefeld.

15980623HAM01

1598, June 23

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license to use the harbour Alteforde in Iceland, on behalf of Paul Barnefeld and Paul Albers, who have heard that the said harbour is available.

15980725HAM00

1598, July 25

Hamburg

Hamburg to Danish councillor Christoffer Valckendorf: has sent a request for a license for the harbour Grindewick in Iceland on behalf of Bernd Osthoff to the Danish king. Osthoff had used the harbour before, and afterwards Paul Barnefeld. As the king is apparently not in Denmark and unable to respond to the letter, the same request is asked from Valckendorff.

15980828HAM00

1598, August 28

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Hofsos in Iceland on behalf of Albert Sivers and Hans Eggers, son of Matthias.

15980918BRE00

1598, September 18

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the licenses for the harbour Stickingsholm in Iceland on behalf of Friederich Koster, and Bodenstede on behalf of Cordt Walleman, which they had received for three years in 1596.

15980921HAM00

1598, September 21

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbours Strome and Watlose in Iceland, on behalf of Rotmar Pöner from Rendsburg and Cordt Wemeyer, Jacob Hambrock and Heinrich Ratkens from Hamburg.

15980927KOB00

1598, September 27

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen, Jacob Hambrock, Rotman Pöner and Herman Kopman from Hamburg to trade with the harbours Strome and Wattlose in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

15981108HAM00

1598, November 8

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Schagestrandt in Iceland, on behalf of Jurgen Vilter.

15981209BRE00

1598, December 9

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Ostforde in Iceland, on behalf of Johan Oldenbuttel, Marten Losekanne, and Johann Reinekens widow.

15990203HAM00

1599, February 3

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Ostfriedenes, also called Rodeforde, in Iceland, on behalf of Joachim Focke.

15990203HAM01

1599, February 3

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license for the harbour Botsandt in Iceland, on behalf of Reimer Ratkens.

15990204HAM00

1599, February 4

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about the raise of tolls in Iceland of one portugaleser.

15991105HAM00

1599, November 5

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbours Husawick or Roderhebde in Iceland, which are not in use by anyone, on behalf of Andreas Selm and Jurgen Vilter, who have traded in Iceland before.

15991110OLD00

1599, November 10

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a prolongation of the license for the harbours Kummerwage and Neswage in Iceland for a longer period than three years, as well as an extension of the license to the harbours Grundeforde and Landoh.

15991222KOB00

1599, December 22

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: permits the use of the harbours Kummerwage and Neswage in Iceland for another three years, but Grundeforde and Landoh are already in use by someone else.

16000102OLD00

1600, January 2

Oldesloe

Oldesloe to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbours Husewick and Schlete in Iceland, which are not in use, on behalf of Michael Barchstede, who has traded in England before.

16000828HAM00

1600, August 28

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license to use the harbour Haneforde in Iceland, on behalf of Joachim Hare, Jacob Hambrock, Cordt Moller, and Dirick Berman.

16000828HAM01

1600, August 28

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the license to use the harbour Haneforde in Iceland, on behalf of Hans Holtgreve and shipowners Cordt Bleke, Herman Kopman and Dirick Hambrock.

16000922OLD00

1600, September 22

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a permission to use the harbour Stickingsholm in Iceland, now the Bremen license has expired, and request to send the licenses in threefold.

16001014KOB00

1600, October 14

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark permits Hans von Hutlen, Jacob Hambrock, Rotman Pöner and Herman Kopman from Hamburg to trade with the harbours Strome and Watlose in Iceland for three years, on the condition that they will trade commodities of good quality, and will not use false measures and weights.

16001024HAM00

1600, October 24

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for renewal of the licenses for Wapenforde in Iceland on behalf of Hans Hering, Claus Olde and Herman Gansberg, which was acquired in 1598 by Hering, Cordt Basse (who died) and Jacob Winock (who received an office in Iceland), and for Dureshave on behalf of Hans Hering alone, which he held formerly with Cordt Basse.

16001113HAM00

1600, November 13

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a license for the harbour Hellesand or Olefswick in Iceland, which are currently not in use, on behalf of Berndt Salfeld the Younger, including permission to sail to Reff to reclaim the outstanding debts of his father there, who sailed there for more than fifty years, but died three years ago. He had already applied for a license for Reff in January the same year, but it was given to Gerd Melsow from Bergen.

16010129BRE00

1601, January 29

Bremen

Bremen to king Christian IV of Denmark: state that Carsten Bake has gotten into a conflict with lawman Jon Jonsson in Iceland, and ask for a license for the harbour Stappe, to compensate his losses.

16010130HAM00

1601, January 30

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request on behalf of Danish merchant Nicolaus Bus and Jacob Beneke from Hamburg, that if a harbour in Iceland becomes available, they would like to receive a license for it.

16010216HAM00

1601, February 16

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: repeated request for a license for the harbours Hellesand or Olefswick in Iceland, which are currently not in use, on behalf of Bernd Salfeld the Younger, including permission to sail to Reff to reclaim his father's outstanding debts, who sailed there for over fifty years.

16010718NYB00

Transcript available

1601, July 18

Nyborg

King Christian IV of Denmark to Hamburg: replies to the request of Michael Betken to use the harbour Grindewick in Iceland, that after the current licenses have expired, merchants from Hamburg and Bremen are not allowed to trade there anymore.

16010724KOB00

1601, July 24

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark grants the use of all harbours in Iceland to the inhabitants of Copenhagen and other surrounding cities, and forbids the count of Oldenburg to trade there after his license for the harbours Nesvogur and Kumbaravogur has expired.

16011028HAM00

1601, October 28

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about the prohibition of the Icelandic trade for foreigners, which is unfair because they have always served the local population well, and it damages the involved merchants, who still have many outstanding debts, and the poor and sick who depend on the confraternity of Iceland merchants.

16011110OLD00

1601, November 10

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about the royal prohibition to sail to Iceland. He claims the trade of his Copenhagen subjects will not suffer if the Oldenburg merchants use the former licenses, which the count had hoped would have been extended.

16011127FRE00

Transcript available

1601, November 27

Frederiksborg

King Christian IV of Denmark to Hamburg: answer to their complaints about the prohibition of the Icelandic trade, that he will not change his mind.

16011204HAD00

1601, December 4

Haderslev

King Christian IV of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: states that he understands the count's problems, but will remain with his decision to forbid the Oldenburg trade with Iceland.

16011228HAM00

1601, December 28

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request on behalf of the merchants with Grindewick, to sail one more year to Iceland, because they have lost a lot of their commodities during a shipwreck of Hans Hare's ship on Helgoland in April this year.

16020800KOB00

1602, August

Copenhagen

Copenhagen merchants with Iceland to king Christian IV of Denmark: complaint about Johan Holtgreve from Hamburg, who sailed as a Helsingør merchant to Spakonefeldshoved and from there to Botsand, and about Hamburg merchants in Watlose, who interfere with their business in Kibbelwick, Grindewick and Haneforde. Therefore, they had to send two of their four ships back to Denmark with great losses.

16020806KOB00

1602, August 6

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark to Hamburg: orders to send the ships and goods of the Hamburg merchants who misused their license for Watlose, and of Johan Holtgreve, who sailed as a Helsingør merchant to Botsand, to interfere with the business of Copenhagen merchants in Kibbelwick and Haneforde, to Copenhagen as soon as they arrive in Hamburg.

16020830HAM00

1602, August 30

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: witness accounts of eight persons who sailed with Johan Holtgreve from Helsingør to Spakenefeldshovede in Iceland, who was accused by Copenhagen merchants that he interfered with their business by visiting the harbour Botsand. They tell how they could not reach Spakenefeldtshovede because of the sea ice, and were welcomed by the locals in Botsand because the Danish merchants in Kibbelwick would not trade with them.

16020900HAM00

1602, late August

Hamburg

Johan Holtgreve to Hamburg: request to be released from custody and to send the king of Denmark his answer to the complaint of Copenhagen merchants, that he was unable to visit his harbour Spakonefeldshovede.

16020912HAM00

1602, September 12

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: in reaction to complaints of Copenhagen merchants in Iceland, Johan Holtgreve has declared that he could not use the harbour Spakonefeldshovede because of the multitude of sea ice last year, and had to go to Botsand instead, where the locals were starving and could not sell their fishes to the Danish merchants because they were too small.

16020916HAM00

1602, September 16

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: answer to the complaint of Copenhagen merchants that Hamburg merchants have interfered in their business by using the harbour Watlose in Iceland, which is unfair, because they still had a valid license to use the harbour, and ask to sail there for one more year, because they still have many outstanding debts because of the bad weather last year.

16021126HAM00

Transcript available

1602, [before November 26]

[Hamburg]

Merchants who used to sail to Kiblewick to Hamburg: complain about the Haneforde merchants' proposal to sail commodities from Iceland to Denmark.

16021127HAM00

1602, November 27

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for a copy of the license for the harbour Walforde in Iceland on behalf of Heinrich Gerbrandt, Paul Focke, Michael Brautigam, Claus Makebusch, Johan Rentzel, Tonies Rode and Heinrich Smidt, after Rode and Smidt lost the license in 1601 during a shipwreck on the way back from Iceland, at which occasion skipper Joachim Greve died.

16021129HAM00

1602, November 29

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for permission to sail to Haneforde the next year, on behalf of Cordt Bleker, Herman Kopman, Diderich Berman, and Didrich Hambrock, which was forbidden by the king even if their license is still valid for a year, and they have many outstanding debts.

16030200OLD00

1603, February

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to prince Ulrich of Denmark: asks for help in acquiring a license to use the harbour Olefswick in Iceland for three years from the Danish king.

16030200OLD01

1603, February

Oldenburg

Count John VII of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to use the harbour Olafswick near Kummerwage in Iceland, which has never been used before, as the fish catches have been so bad in the previous year, that the Oldenburg merchants still have many outstanding debts on the island.

16030217HAM00

1603, February 17

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to trade normally one more year in the harbours Watlose and Strome in Iceland, on behalf of Cordt Wemeyer and Hans von Hutlen, who still have a license for a year, and if not, to get permission to sail with a small ship to Iceland to reclaim outstanding debts and goods.

16030305HAM00

1603, March 5

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: merchants in the harbour Walforde in Iceland request permission to sail one more year to collect their outstanding debts, as they still had a license, but lost it during a shipwreck, and therefore sailed with the Haneforde merchants, who refused to help them this year.

16030310FAL00

1603, March 10

Falkenberg

King Christian IV of Denmark to count John VII of Oldenburg: in answer to the count's request to use the harbour Olafswick in Iceland, he writes it already has been given to others, but that they can freely fish in the seas south of Iceland themselves, as the English and others do.

16030408HAM00

Transcript available

1603, April 8

[Hamburg]

Merchants who trade with Ruteforde to Hamburg: relate how they lost two ships in the last years, which forced them to leave their goods on Iceland for four years, and couldn't retrieve them because of the bad weather. Then the governor ordered them to sail back to Denmark, but a storm drove them to Hamburg, where they are not allowed to enter the harbour. Therefore, it is asked to land their goods to prevent even further damage.

16030913HAM00

1603, September 13

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to return the goods that were confiscated from Bernd Salfeld in Iceland by the lawman when he tried to collect his outstanding debts.

16031113HAM00

1603, November 13

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request to return the goods that were confiscated from Bernd Salfeld in Iceland by the governor and lawman when he tried to collect his outstanding debts.

16040110HAM00

1604, January 10

Hamburg

Bernd Salfeld to king Christian IV of Denmark: complains how his goods have been confiscated in Iceland by the governour by request of lawman Jon Jonsson, and was forced to pay 2000 daler because he tried to collect his outstanding debts, and asks to let Jonsson appear before court.

16040322HAM00

1604, March 22

Hamburg

Hamburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request on behalf of the merchants with Iceland, to send a small ship to Iceland to collect the goods, booths and ships that were left behind on the island.

16100119HAM00

Transcript available

1610, January 19

Hamburg

Hamburg to King Christian IV of Denmark: because Heinrich Krack was accused of having traded illegally in Iceland in 1609, he was brought to court in Hamburg, where he declared that he had been fishing near Shetland and the Faroes, and because he had caught too little and was driven by a storm to Iceland, he was forced to trade a little there to make a living. Therefore, it is asked to refrain from further prosecution.

16110207OLD00

1611, February 7

Oldenburg

Count Anton Günther of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: writes that he has heard that the Copenhagen trade monopoly of Iceland will be revised, and therefore requests the use of one of the harbours Bodenstede, Stappe or Reff.

16110307KOB00

1611, March 7

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark to count Anton Günther of Oldenburg: states that the rumours that the Copenhagen monopoly on the trade with Iceland will be cancelled are not true and that the current situation will remain.

16360610KOB00

1636, June 10

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark to Christian Rantzau: writes that the Glückstadt merchants who trade in Icelandic goods and sell them on to Hamburg, have to pay the Icelandic company in Copenhagen for that, and asks to send them to chancellor Christian Friese in Kragerup to negotiate the matter.

16450000OLD00

After 1645

Oldenburg

Citizens of Oldenburg to king Christian IV of Denmark: request for permission to trade with Iceland again, after the Danish king has given them toll exemptions in the Sound and in Norway, like the merchants of Holland, in 1645.

16460224GLU00

1646, February 24

Glückstadt

King Christian IV of Denmark to Christian von Pentz, governor of Glückstadt: complains about how Icelandic goods that arrive in Glückstadt are immediately loaded onto Hamburg ships, and therefore commands that ships from Iceland should first be unloaded in the city, on the penalty of confiscation.

16460314KOB00

1646, March 14

Copenhagen

King Christian IV of Denmark to Christian von Pentz, governor of Glückstadt: aks to go to the citizens of Glückstadt, Krempe and Itzehoe to see how much demand there is for Icelandic goods.

16460911ITZ00

1646, September 11

Itzehoe

King Christian IV of Denmark to Christian Pentz, governor of Glückstadt: asks to arrest the merchants in Glückstadt who sell Icelandic fish on to other places.

16580820XXX00

1658, August 20

King Frederick III of Denmark to Ernst Albrecht von Eberstein, commander of Glückstadt: commands that all Icelandic fish should be unloaded in Glückstadt, and if any ship passes the city, it shall be taken captive.

16601016KOB00

1660, October 16

Copenhagen

King Frederick III of Denmark to Christian Rantzau, governor of Schleswig-Holstein: writes that he has heard that merchants trading with Iceland sail past Glückstadt to Hamburg, which is not allowed and should be prevented.

16650902KOB00

1665, September 2

Copenhagen

King Frederick III of Denmark to [Hamburg?]: proclaims that, even though he recently has allowed some ships from Iceland to pass Glückstadt to sail to Hamburg, this does not mean that Glückstadt's privileges will be changed, and that they should stop asking that.

16701201XXX00

1670, December 1

King Christian V of Denmark to Glückstadt: orders to release the ship of steward Heinrich Muller, laden with Icelandic commodities to be sold in Glückstadt, which was confiscated by the magistrate.

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